Related papers: Dissipation modulated Kelvin probe force microscop…
Measurements of the Casimir force require the elimination of electrostatic interactions between the surfaces. However, due to electrostatic patch potentials, the voltage required to minimize the total force may not be sufficient to…
Amplitude-modulation atomic force microscopy (AM-AFM) measures nanoscale surface structures by detecting changes in the cantilever oscillation amplitude, contributing to materials research. AM-AFM can non-destructively observe fragile…
The dynamic characteristics of a tip oscillating in the nc-AFM mode in close vicinity to a Cu(100)-surface are investigated by means of phase variation experiments in the constant amplitude mode. The change of the quality factor upon…
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) is widely used to measure the surface potential on samples, from which electrostatic patch force can be calculated. However, since the KPFM measurements represent a weighted average of local potentials…
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) methods utilizing resonant mechanical vibrations of cantilevers in contact with a sample surface have shown sensitivities as high as few picometers for detecting surface displacements. Such a high sensitivity…
We adjust the transient dynamics of a piezo-actuated bimorph Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) probe using a state feedback controller. This approach enables us to adjust the quality factor and the resonance frequency of the probe…
With the integration of communication and computing, it is expected that part of the computing is transferred to the transmitter side. In this paper we address the general problem of Frequency Modulation (FM) for function approximation…
The aim of this article is to provide a complete analysis of the behavior of a noncontact atomic force microscope (NC-AFM). We start with a review of the equations of motion of a tip interacting with a surface in which the stability…
Various methods of force measurement with the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) are compared for their ability to accurately determine the tip-surface force from analysis of the nonlinear cantilever motion. It is explained how intermodulation,…
A dual-excitation method for resonant-frequency tracking in scanning probe microscopy based on amplitude detection is developed. This method allows the cantilever to be operated at or near resonance for techniques where standard phase…
Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM) is a powerful technique for macroscopic imaging of the electrostatic potential above a surface. Though most often used to image work-function variations of conductive surfaces, it can also be used to…
In nano-structures such as thin films electron confinement results in the quantization of energy levels in the direction perpendicular to the film. The discretization of the energy levels leads to the oscillatory dependence of many…
Coherent acoustic phonons, whose damping sets the upper bound of quality factors in acoustic resonators, play a critical role in advanced telecommunication and quantum information technologies. Yet, probing their decay in the GHz regime…
Atomic force microscope (AFM) generally works on the basis of manipulating absolute magnitude of van der Waals (vdW) force between the tip and specimen. The force is, however, less sensitive to alternation of atom species than to tip-sample…
Mechanical properties of biological samples have been imaged with a \textit{Force Feedback Microscope}. Force, force gradient and dissipation are measured simultaneously and quantitatively, merely knowing the AFM cantilever spring constant.…
Atoms or pairs of ions picked up by probe tips used in dynamic force microscopy (DFM) can be strongly displaced and even hop discontinuously upon approach to the sample surface. The energy barriers for some of those hops are of the right…
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been constantly supporting nanosciences and nanotechnologies for over 30 years, being present in many fields from condensed matter physics to biology. It enables measuring very weak forces at the nanoscale,…
We present the design and experimental results of a near-field scanning microwave microscope (NSMM) working at a frequency of 1GHz. Our microscope is unique in that the sensing probe is separated from the excitation electrode to…
We propose a new method to investigate interactions involved in atomic force microscopy (AFM). It is a dynamical method relying on the growth of oscillations via parametric resonance. With this method the second and third derivatives of the…
A scanning force microscope with a base temperature below 300 mK is used for measuring the local electron density of a two-dimensional electron gas embedded in an Ga[Al]As heterostructure. At different separations between AFM tip and…