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Associative Memories like the famous Hopfield Networks are elegant models for describing fully recurrent neural networks whose fundamental job is to store and retrieve information. In the past few years they experienced a surge of interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Dmitry Krotov , Benjamin Hoover , Parikshit Ram , Bao Pham

Recent generalizations of the Hopfield model of associative memories are able to store a number $P$ of random patterns that grows exponentially with the number $N$ of neurons, $P=\exp(\alpha N)$. Besides the huge storage capacity, another…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-02-14 Carlo Lucibello , Marc Mézard

Deep neural networks that yield human interpretable decisions by architectural design have lately become an increasingly popular alternative to post hoc interpretation of traditional black-box models. Among these networks, the arguably most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Adrian Hoffmann , Claudio Fanconi , Rahul Rade , Jonas Kohler

Semi-supervised learning algorithms typically construct a weighted graph of data points to represent a manifold. However, an explicit graph representation is problematic for neural networks operating in the online setting. Here, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Alexander Genkin , Anirvan M. Sengupta , Dmitri Chklovskii

The Hopfield model describes a neural network that stores memories using all-to-all-coupled spins. Memory patterns are recalled under equilibrium dynamics. Storing too many patterns breaks the associative recall process because frustration…

Unsupervised feature learning has shown impressive results for a wide range of input modalities, in particular for object classification tasks in computer vision. Using a large amount of unlabeled data, unsupervised feature learning methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-04-26 Christian Osendorfer , Justin Bayer , Sebastian Urban , Patrick van der Smagt

Associative memory retrieves complete patterns from partial or corrupted inputs and constitutes a primitive form of generative inference. Classical Hopfield networks (CHN) provide a canonical framework for associative memory but suffer from…

In supervised learning, it is known that overparameterized neural networks with one hidden layer provably and efficiently learn and generalize, when trained using stochastic gradient descent with a sufficiently small learning rate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Kulin Shah , Amit Deshpande , Navin Goyal

Deep learning-based image reconstruction approaches have demonstrated impressive empirical performance in many imaging modalities. These approaches usually require a large amount of high-quality paired training data, which is often not…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-21 Riccardo Barbano , Zeljko Kereta , Andreas Hauptmann , Simon R. Arridge , Bangti Jin

This study develops an unsupervised learning algorithm for products of expert capsules with dynamic routing. Analogous to binary-valued neurons in Restricted Boltzmann Machines, the magnitude of a squashed capsule firing takes values…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Michael Hauser

We extend the existing work on Hopfield network state classification, employing more complex models that remain interpretable, such as densely-connected feed-forward deep neural networks and support vector machines. The states of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Hayden McAlister , Anthony Robins , Lech Szymanski

In this paper, we propose a deep invertible hybrid model which integrates discriminative and generative learning at a latent space level for semi-supervised few-shot classification. Various tasks for classifying new species from image data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Yusuke Ohtsubo , Tetsu Matsukawa , Einoshin Suzuki

Deep Learning has the hierarchical network architecture to represent the complicated features of input patterns. Such architecture is well known to represent higher learning capability compared with some conventional models if the best set…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-12 Takumi Ichimura , Shin Kamada

Unsupervised anomaly detection aims to build models to effectively detect unseen anomalies by only training on the normal data. Although previous reconstruction-based methods have made fruitful progress, their generalization ability is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Yuxin Zhang , Jindong Wang , Yiqiang Chen , Han Yu , Tao Qin

Recent studies have shown that synaptic unreliability is a robust and sufficient mechanism for inducing the stochasticity observed in cortex. Here, we introduce Synaptic Sampling Machines, a class of neural network models that uses synaptic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-12-16 Emre O. Neftci , Bruno U. Pedroni , Siddharth Joshi , Maruan Al-Shedivat , Gert Cauwenberghs

Revealing hidden features in unlabeled data is called unsupervised feature learning, which plays an important role in pretraining a deep neural network. Here we provide a statistical mechanics analysis of the unsupervised learning in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Haiping Huang

Multi-band insulating Bloch Hamiltonians with internal or spatial symmetries, such as particle-hole or inversion, may have topologically disconnected sectors of trivial atomic-limit (momentum-independent) Hamiltonians. We present a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-04-19 Oleksandr Balabanov , Mats Granath

Unsupervised learning of hierarchical representations has been one of the most vibrant research directions in deep learning during recent years. In this work we study biologically inspired unsupervised strategies in neural networks based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Naresh Balaji Ravichandran , Anders Lansner , Pawel Herman

Deep Convolutional features extracted from a comprehensive labeled dataset, contain substantial representations which could be effectively used in a new domain. Despite the fact that generic features achieved good results in many visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-06 Qun Liu , Supratik Mukhopadhyay

Models for image representation learning are typically designed for either recognition or generation. Various forms of contrastive learning help models learn to convert images to embeddings that are useful for classification, detection, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Matthew Gwilliam , Xiao Wang , Xuefeng Hu , Zhenheng Yang