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Random unitary matrices find a number of applications in quantum information science, and are central to the recently defined boson sampling algorithm for photons in linear optics. We describe an operationally simple method to directly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-08 Nicholas J. Russell , Levon Chakhmakhchyan , Jeremy L. O'Brien , Anthony Laing

We experimentally demonstrate a testing strategy for boson samplers that is based on efficiently computable expressions for the output photon counting distributions binned over multiple optical modes. We apply this method to validate boson…

General-purpose programmable photonic processors provide a versatile platform for integrating diverse functionalities on a single chip. Leveraging a two-dimensional hexagonal waveguide mesh of Mach-Zehnder interferometers, these systems…

A large number of applications in classical and quantum photonics require the capability of implementing arbitrary linear unitary transformations on a set of optical modes. In a seminal work by Reck et al. it was shown how to build such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-11 Víctor J. López-Pastor , Jeff S. Lundeen , Florian Marquardt

Within the expansive domain of optical sciences, achieving the precise characterization of light beams stands as a fundamental pursuit, pivotal for various applications, including telecommunications and imaging technologies. This study…

In linear optics, photons are scattered in a network through passive optical elements including beamsplitters and phase shifters, leading to many intriguing applications in physics, such as Mach-Zehnder interferometry, Hong-Ou-Mandel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-02 Man-Hong Yung , Xun Gao , Joonsuk Huh

Imperfections in integrated photonics manufacturing have a detrimental effect on the maximal achievable visibility in interferometric architectures. These limits have profound implications for further photonics technological developments…

Universal unitary photonic devices can apply arbitrary unitary transformations to a vector of input modes and provide a promising hardware platform for fast and energy-efficient machine learning using light. We simulate the gradient-based…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-26 Sunil Pai , Ben Bartlett , Olav Solgaard , David A. B. Miller

We explore a very simple distribution of unitaries: random (binary) phase -- Hadamard -- random (binary) phase -- random computational-basis permutation. We show that this distribution is statistically indistinguishable from random Haar…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Zvika Brakerski , Nir Magrafta

Universal multiport interferometers (UMIs) have emerged as a key tool for performing arbitrary linear transformations on optical modes, enabling precise control over the state of light in essential applications of classical and quantum…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-23 Vincent Girouard , Nicolás Quesada

Growing application space in optical communications, computing, and sensing continues to drive the need for high-performance integrated photonic components. Designing these on-chip systems with complex and application-specific functionality…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Ali Najjar Amiri , Aycan Deniz Vit , Kazim Gorgulu , Emir Salih Magden

Unitary Fourier transform lies at the core of the multitudinous computational and metrological algorithms. Here we show experimentally how the unitary Fourier transform-based phase estimation protocol, used namely in quantum metrology, can…

We propose a method to map the conventional optical interferometry setup into quantum circuits. The unknown phase shift inside a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the presence of photon loss is estimated by simulating the quantum circuits. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Peyman Najafi , Ghasem Naeimi , Shahpoor Saeidian

We present a proposal of a set-up to measure the work distribution due to an arbitrary unitary process acting on the spatial transverse degrees of freedom of a light beam. Hermite-Gaussian optical modes representing a quantum harmonic…

Efficient methods for generating pseudo-randomly distributed unitary operators are needed for the practical application of Haar distributed random operators in quantum communication and noise estimation protocols. We develop a theoretical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Joseph Emerson , Etera Livine , Seth Lloyd

A beam splitter is a key component used to direct and combine light paths in various optical and microwave systems. It plays a crucial role in devices like interferometers, such as the Mach-Zehnder and Hong-Ou-Mandel setups, where it splits…

The hybrid interferometer integrating an optical parametric amplifier and a beam splitter has the potential to outperform the SU(1,1) interferometer. However, photon loss remains a critical limitation for practical implementation. To…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Qisi Zhou , Tao Jiang , Qingqian Kang , Teng Zhao , Xin Su , Cunjin Liu , Liyun Hu

We present an approach for improving spatial frequency sampling in active incoherent millimeter-wave (AIM) imaging systems using frequency diversity. AIM imaging relies on active transmission of spatio-temporally incoherent signals to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-12 Jorge R. Colon-Berrios , Jeffrey A. Nanzer

Fourier transform (FT) spectroscopy is a versatile technique for studying the infrared (IR) optical response of solid-, liquid-, and gas-phase samples. In standard FT-IR spectrometers, a light beam passing through a Michelson interferometer…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-03-12 Takashi Kuroda , Siti Chalimah , Yuanzhao Yao , Naoki Ikeda , Yoshimasa Sugimoto , Kazuaki Sakoda

Recent breakthroughs in solid-state photonic quantum technologies enable generating and detecting single photons with near-unity efficiency as required for a range of photonic quantum technologies. The lack of methods to simultaneously…

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