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We analyse the phase space representation of the optimal measurement of a phase shift in an interferometer with equal photon loss in both its arms. In the local phase estimation scenario with a fixed number of photons, we identify features…
Higgs Effective Field Theory can be used to study vector-boson elastic scattering at the high energies relevant for the LHC. For most of the parameter space, the scattering is strongly interacting, with the minimal Standard Model being a…
Universal quantum computers promise a dramatic speed-up over classical computers but a full-size realization remains challenging. However, intermediate quantum computational models have been proposed that are not universal, but can solve…
The scheme of Clauser and Dowling (Phys. Rev. A 53, 4587 (1996)) for factoring $N$ by means of an N-slit interference experiment is translated into an experiment with a single Mach-Zehnder interferometer. With dispersive phase shifters the…
The integration of miniaturized optical spectrometers into mobile platforms will have an unprecedented impact on applications ranging from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to mobile phones. To address this demand, silicon photonics stands…
Component errors limit the scaling of programmable coherent photonic circuits. These errors arise because the standard tunable photonic coupler -- the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) -- cannot be perfectly programmed to the cross state.…
We present methods which allow orders of magnitude increase in the number of modes in linear optics experiments by moving from spatial encoding to temporal encoding and using dispersion. This enables significant practical advantages for…
Reconfigurable devices which can implement arbitrary unitary operations are crucial for photonic quantum computation, optical neural networks, and boson sampling. Here, we address the problem of, using multiport interferometers,…
Photons in optical networks can be used in multi-path interferometry and various quantum information processing and communication protocols. Large networks, however, are often not free from defects, which can appear randomly between the…
Fourier transforms are ubiquitous mathematical tools in basic and applied sciences. We here report classical and quantum optical realizations of the discrete fractional Fourier transform, a generalization of the Fourier transform. In the…
Untrained neural networks (UNNs) offer high-fidelity electromagnetic inverse scattering reconstruction but are computationally limited by high-dimensional spatial-domain optimization. We propose a Real-Time Physics-Driven Fourier-Spectral…
It has long been a challenging task to improve the light collection efficiency of conventional image sensors built with color filters that inevitably cause the energy loss of out-of-band photons. Although various schemes have been proposed…
We demonstrate chip-scale flat-top filters at near-infrared wavelengths using negative index photonic crystal based Mach Zehnder interferometers. Supported by full three-dimensional numerical simulations, we experimentally demonstrate a new…
We present a method to calibrate wavefront distortion of the spatial light modulator setup by registering far field images of several Gaussian beams diffracted off the modulator. The Fourier transform of resulting interference images…
A design framework to implement non-unitary input-output operations to a practical unitary photonic integrated circuit is described. This is achieved by utilising the cosine-sine decomposition to recover the unitarity of the original…
In photonic quantum applications, optical routers are required to handle single photons with low loss, high speed, and preservation of their quantum states. Single-photon routing with maintained polarization states is particularly important…
We demonstrate the robustness of BosonSampling to imperfections in the linear optical network that cause a small deviation in the matrix it implements. We show that applying a noisy matrix $\tilde{U}$ that is within $\epsilon$ of the…
Photonic information processing demands programmable multiport interferometers capable of implementing arbitrary transfer matrices, for which planar meshes of error-sensitive Mach-Zehnder interferometers are usually exploited. We propose an…
We report a new experimental technique for quantifying the angular distribution of light scattered by single plasmonic and metamaterial nanoscatterers, based on Fourier microscopy in a dark field confocal set up. This new set up is a…
Low-count positron emission tomography (PET) reconstruction is a challenging inverse problem due to severe degradations arising from Poisson noise, photon scarcity, and attenuation correction errors. Existing deep learning methods typically…