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String diagrams provide an intuitive language for expressing networks of interacting processes graphically. A discrete representation of string diagrams, called string graphs, allows for mechanised equational reasoning by double-pushout…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-10-14 Aleks Kissinger , Vladimir Zamdzhiev

We develop layered monoidal theories -- a generalisation of monoidal theories combining formal descriptions of a system at different levels of abstraction. Via their representation as string diagrams, monoidal theories provide a graphical…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Leo Lobski , Fabio Zanasi

In fields ranging from business to systems biology, directed graphs with edges labeled by signs are used to model systems in a simple way: the nodes represent entities of some sort, and an edge indicates that one entity directly affects…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-20 John C. Baez , Adittya Chaudhuri

This paper contains two new results: 1. We amend the notion of abstract basis in a dagger symmetric monoidal category, as well as its corresponding graphical representation, in order to accommodate non-self-dual dagger compact structures;…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-14 Bob Coecke , Eric Oliver Paquette , Simon Perdrix

The main result of this paper utilizes the representation graph of a group $G$, $R(V,G)$, and gives a general construction of a diagrammatic category $\mathbf{Dgrams}_{R(V,G)}$. The proof of the main theorem shows that, given explicit…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Ryan Reynolds

This chapter provides an introduction to the use of diagrammatic language, or perhaps more accurately, diagrammatic calculus, in quantum information and quantum foundations. We illustrate the use of diagrammatic calculus in one particular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Bob Coecke , Ross Duncan , Aleks Kissinger , Quanlong Wang

Cognitive studies and artificial intelligence have developed distinct models for various inferential mechanisms (categorization, induction, abduction, causal inference, contrast, merge, ...). Yet, both natural and artificial views on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Giovanni Sileno , Jean-Louis Dessalles

This thesis deals with two main topics: virtual double categories as semantics environments for predicate logic, and a syntactic presentation of virtual double categories as a type theory. One significant principle of categorical logic is…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-03 Hayato Nasu

Categorical quantum mechanics and the Wolfram model offer distinct but complementary approaches to studying the relationship between diagrammatic rewriting systems over combinatorial structures and the foundations of physics; the objective…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Jonathan Gorard , Manojna Namuduri , Xerxes D. Arsiwalla

We introduce an algebraic analogue of dynamical systems, based on term rewriting. We show that a recursive function applied to the output of an iterated rewriting system defines a formal class of models into which all the main architectures…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Iolo Jones , Jerry Swan , Jeffrey Giansiracusa

The integration of knowledge extracted from different models described by domain experts or from models generated by machine learning algorithms is strongly conditioned by the lack of an appropriated framework to specify and integrate…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-04-12 Carlos Leandro

We present a detailed description of the diagrammatic technique, recently devised in [V. V. Kuzmin et.al., npj Quantum Information 5, 115 (2019)], for semi-analytical description of large-scale quantum-repeater networks. The technique takes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Viacheslav V. Kuzmin , Denis V. Vasilyev

Symmetric monoidal categories (SMCs) are a common framework for reasoning about computation, focusing on the parallel and sequential compositionality of operations. String diagrams are a ubiquitous and powerful tool for reasoning about…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Benjamin Caldwell , William Spencer , Aleks Kissinger , Robert Rand

We present a unified framework for categorical systems theory which packages a collection of open systems, their interactions, and their maps into a symmetric monoidal loose right module of systems over a symmetric monoidal double category…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-30 Sophie Libkind , David Jaz Myers

Deduction systems and graph rewriting systems are compared within a common categorical framework. This leads to an improved deduction method in diagrammatic logics.

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-11-10 Dominique Duval

In this paper, we extend past work done on the application of the mathematics of category theory to quantum information science. Specifically, we present a realization of a dagger-compact category that can model finite-dimensional quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-31 Ville Bergholm , Jacob D. Biamonte

Systematic discovery of optimization paths in quantum circuit simplification remains a challenge. Today, ZX-calculus, a computing model for quantum circuit transformation, is attracting attention for its highly abstract graph-based…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Kayo Tei , Haruto Mishina , Naoki Yamamoto , Kazunori Ueda

Applied category theory provides powerful mathematical tools for modelling processes and their composition. Symmetric monoidal categories, which involve series and parallel composition, are particularly well-suited for describing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Muhammad Hamza Waseem

We propose a categorical framework to reason about scientific explanations: descriptions of a phenomenon meant to translate it into simpler terms, or into a context that has been already understood. Our motivating examples come from systems…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Leo Lobski , Fabio Zanasi

We propose a novel approach to symbolic timing analysis for digital integrated circuits based on recently developed analytic delay formulas for 2-input NOR, NAND, and Muller-C gates by Ferdowsi et al. (NAHS 2025). Given a fixed order of the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Era Thaqi , Dennis Eigner , Arman Ferdowsi , Ulrich Schmid