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Diagrammatic, analogical or iconic representations are often contrasted with linguistic or logical representations, in which the shape of the symbols is arbitrary. The aim of this paper is to make a case for the usefulness of diagrams in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Catherine Recanati

The category Set_* of sets and partial functions is well-known to be traced monoidal, meaning that a partial function S+U -/-> T+U can be coherently transformed into a partial function S -/-> T. This transformation is generally described in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Kristopher Brown , David I. Spivak

Diagram chasing is not an easy task. The coherence holds in a generalized sense if we have a mechanical method to judge whether given two morphisms are equal to each other. A simple way to this end is to reform a concerned category into a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Ryu Hasegawa

We propose a graphical language that accommodates two monoidal structures: a multiplicative one for pairing and an additional one for branching. In this colored PROP, whether wires in parallel are linked through the multiplicative structure…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Kostia Chardonnet , Marc de Visme , Benoît Valiron , Renaud Vilmart

We introduce monoidal streams. Monoidal streams are a generalization of causal stream functions, which can be defined in cartesian monoidal categories, to arbitrary symmetric monoidal categories. In the same way that streams provide…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Elena Di Lavore , Giovanni de Felice , Mario Román

In category theory, the use of string diagrams is well known to aid in the intuitive understanding of certain concepts, particularly when dealing with adjunctions and monoidal categories. We show that string diagrams are also useful in…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-19 Kenji Nakahira

Neurosymbolic AI is an increasingly active area of research that combines symbolic reasoning methods with deep learning to leverage their complementary benefits. As knowledge graphs are becoming a popular way to represent heterogeneous and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Lauren Nicole DeLong , Ramon Fernández Mir , Jacques D. Fleuriot

Equality saturation, a technique for program optimisation and reasoning, has gained attention due to the resurgence of equality graphs (e-graphs). E-graphs represent equivalence classes of terms under rewrite rules, enabling simultaneous…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Aleksei Tiurin , Dan R. Ghica , Nick Hu

Categorical Quantum Mechanics, and graphical calculi in particular, has proven to be an intuitive and powerful way to reason about quantum computing. This work continues the exploration of graphical calculi, inside and outside of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-09 Hector Miller-Bakewell

This work establishes a robust mathematical foundation for compositional System Dynamics modeling, leveraging category theory to formalize and enhance the representation, analysis, and composition of system models. Here, System Dynamics…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Xiaoyan Li , Evan Patterson , Patricia L. Mabry , Nathaniel D. Osgood

Investigating the temporal behavior of digital circuits is a crucial step in system design, usually done via analog or digital simulation. Analog simulators like SPICE iteratively solve the differential equations characterizing the circuits…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Josef Salzmann , Ulrich Schmid

We introduce symmetric arithmetic circuits, i.e. arithmetic circuits with a natural symmetry restriction. In the context of circuits computing polynomials defined on a matrix of variables, such as the determinant or the permanent, the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Anuj Dawar , Gregory Wilsenach

We now have a wide range of proof assistants available for compositional reasoning in monoidal or higher categories which are free on some generating signature. However, none of these allow us to represent categorical operations such as…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Chiara Sarti , Jamie Vicary

The quantum switch is a higher-order operation that takes as an input two quantum processes and combines them in a coherent superposition of two alternative orders. Here we provide an approach to the quantum switch based on the methods of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-07 Matt Wilson , Giulio Chiribella

Given a discrete-state continuous-time reactive system, like a digital circuit, the classical approach is to first model it as a state transition system and then prove its properties. Our contribution advocates a different approach: to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Matthias Fuegger , Christoph Lenzen , Ulrich Schmid

Our starting point is a particular `canvas' aimed to `draw' theories of physics, which has symmetric monoidal categories as its mathematical backbone. In this paper we consider the conceptual foundations for this canvas, and how these can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-21 Bob Coecke

Process theories combine a graphical language for compositional reasoning with an underlying categorical semantics. They have been successfully applied to fields such as quantum computation, natural language processing, linear dynamical…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Dan Marsden , Fabrizio Genovese

We describe a mathematical framework for equational reasoning about infinite families of string diagrams which is amenable to computer automation. The framework is based on context-free families of string diagrams which we represent using…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Vladimir Zamdzhiev

We introduce the fermionic ZW calculus, a string-diagrammatic language for fermionic quantum computing (FQC). After defining a fermionic circuit model, we present the basic components of the calculus, together with their interpretation, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Giovanni de Felice , Amar Hadzihasanovic , Kang Feng Ng

The framework of causal models provides a principled approach to causal reasoning, applied today across many scientific domains. Here we present this framework in the language of string diagrams, interpreted formally using category theory.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Robin Lorenz , Sean Tull