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A simple and general formulation of the quantum game theory is presented, accommodating all possible strategies in the Hilbert space for the first time. The theory is solvable for the two strategy quantum game, which is shown to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Taksu Cheon , Izumi Tsutsui

To understand the complexity of the dynamic of learning in differential games, we decompose the game into components where the dynamic is well understood. One of the possible tools is Helmholtz's theorem, which can decompose a vector field…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Nanxiang Zhou , Jing Dong , Yutian Li , Baoxiang Wang

A central result in statistical theory is Pinsker's theorem, which characterizes the minimax rate in the normal means model of nonparametric estimation. In this paper, we present an extension to Pinsker's theorem where estimation is carried…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-25 Yuancheng Zhu , John Lafferty

Motivated by Erd\H{o}s' ternary conjecture and by recent work of Cui--Ma--Jiang [``Geometric progressions meet Cantor sets'', \textit{Chaos Solitons Fractals} \textbf{163} (2022), 112567.] on intersections between geometric progressions and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Diego Marques , Pavel Trojovsky

We call a badly approximable number $decaying$ if, roughly, the Lagrange constants of integer multiples of that number decay as fast as possible. In this terminology, a question of Y. Bugeaud ('15) asks to find the Hausdorff dimension of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-20 Ryan Broderick , Lior Fishman , David Simmons

We address estimation of the minimum length arising from gravitational theories. In particular, we provide bounds on precision and assess the use of quantum probes to enhance the estimation performances. At first, we review the concept of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-16 Alessandro Candeloro , Cristian Degli Esposti Boschi , Matteo G. A. Paris

We determine the Hausdorff dimension of sets of irrationals in $(0,1)$ whose partial quotients in semi-regular continued fractions obey certain restrictions and growth conditions. This result substantially generalizes that of the second…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-07-18 Yuto Nakajima , Hiroki Takahasi

Non-local games are widely studied as a model to investigate the properties of quantum mechanics as opposed to classical mechanics. In this paper, we consider a subset of non-local games: symmetric XOR games of $n$ players with 0-1 valued…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-12 Andris Ambainis , Jānis Iraids

The classic Rock-Paper-Scissors game of size 3 and its extension, Rock-Paper-Scissors-Lizard-Spock, are modeled by directed graphs called tournaments. They can be further extended to any odd size. The extended games are regular tournaments…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Ethan Akin

Quantum metrology enhances the sensitivity of parameter estimation using the distinctive resources of quantum mechanics such as entanglement. It has been shown that the precision of estimating an overall multiplicative factor of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-31 Shengshi Pang , Todd A. Brun

The theory of uniform Diophantine approximation concerns the study of Dirichlet improvable numbers and the metrical aspect of this theory leads to the study of the product of consecutive partial quotients in continued fractions. It is known…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-04 Mumtaz Hussain , Bixuan Li , Nikita Shulga

Quantum entanglement is known to provide a strong advantage in many two-party distributed tasks. We investigate the question of how much entanglement is needed to reach optimal performance. For the first time we show that there exists a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-25 Laura Mančinska , Thomas Vidick

The number of quantifiers needed to express first-order properties is captured by two-player combinatorial games called multi-structural (MS) games. We play these games on linear orders and strings, and introduce a technique we call…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Marco Carmosino , Ronald Fagin , Neil Immerman , Phokion Kolaitis , Jonathan Lenchner , Rik Sengupta , Ryan Williams

We prove bounds for the almost sure value of the Hausdorff dimension of the limsup set of a sequence of balls in $\mathbf{R}^d$ whose centres are independent, identically distributed random variables. The formulas obtained involve the rate…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-08-01 Fredrik Ekström , Tomas Persson

Predictive states for stochastic processes are a nonparametric and interpretable construct with relevance across a multitude of modeling paradigms. Recent progress on the self-supervised reconstruction of predictive states from time-series…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-12-21 Samuel P. Loomis , James P. Crutchfield

Ehrenfeucht-Fra\"iss\'e (EF) games are a basic tool in finite model theory for proving definability lower bounds, with many applications in complexity theory and related areas. They have been applied to study various logics, giving insights…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Gregoire Fournier , György Turán

H\"older stability estimate and uniqueness are proven for a retrospective problem of Mean Field Games with a non-quadratic Hamiltonian. The previous result was only for the quadratic Hamiltonian. The main tool is the apparatus of Carleman…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-11-02 Michael V. Klibanov , Mikhail Y. Kokurin , Jingzhi Li

I. J. Good (1941) showed that the set of irrational numbers in $(0,1)$ whose partial quotients $a_n$ tend to infinity is of Hausdorff dimension $1/2$. A number of related results impose restrictions of the type $a_n\in B$ or $a_n\geq f(n)$,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-11-05 Hiroki Takahasi

The generalization of the problem of adaptive competition, known as the minority game, to the case of $K$ possible choices for each player is addressed, and applied to a system of interacting perceptrons with input and output units of the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Liat Ein-Dor , Richard Metzler , Ido Kanter , Wolfgang Kinzel

We consider (not self-similar) Cantor sets defined by a sequence of piecewise linear functions. We prove that the dimension of the harmonic measure on such a set is strictly smaller than its Hausdorff dimension. Some Hausdorff measure…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-03-19 Athanasios Batakis , Anna Zdunik