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Self-Organizing Map algorithms have been used for almost 40 years across various application domains such as biology, geology, healthcare, industry and humanities as an interpretable tool to explore, cluster and visualize high-dimensional…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Florent Forest , Mustapha Lebbah , Hanane Azzag , Jérôme Lacaille

Topological data analysis is an emerging area in exploratory data analysis and data mining. Its main tool, persistent homology, has become a popular technique to study the structure of complex, high-dimensional data. In this paper, we…

Graphics · Computer Science 2017-10-04 Mustafa Hajij , Bei Wang , Carlos Scheidegger , Paul Rosen

In many real world applications, data cannot be accurately represented by vectors. In those situations, one possible solution is to rely on dissimilarity measures that enable sensible comparison between observations. Kohonen's…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-09-24 Brieuc Conan-Guez , Fabrice Rossi , Aïcha El Golli

Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) are popular unsupervised artificial neural network used to reduce dimensions and visualize data. Visual interpretation from Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) has been limited due to grid approach of data representation,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2013-01-03 Aaditya Prakash

Judging the similarity of visualizations is crucial to various applications, such as visualization-based search and visualization recommendation systems. Recent studies show deep-feature-based similarity metrics correlate well with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Sheng Long , Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Emma Alexander , Matthew Kay , Jessica Hullman

This paper considers the problem of low-dimensional visualisation of very high dimensional information sources for the purpose of situation awareness in the maritime environment. In response to the requirement for human decision support…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2014-02-27 Iain Rice , Roger Benton , Les Hart , David Lowe

An important step for any causal inference study design is understanding the distribution of the treated and control subjects in terms of measured baseline covariates. However, not all baseline variation is equally important. In the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-02 Rachael C. Aikens , Michael Baiocchi

The Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is a brain-inspired neural model that is very promising for unsupervised learning, especially in embedded applications. However, it is unable to learn efficient prototypes when dealing with complex datasets. We…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Lyes Khacef , Laurent Rodriguez , Benoit Miramond

Symmetry in biological and physical systems is a product of self organization driven by evolutionary processes, or mechanical systems under constraints. Symmetry based feature extrac-tion or representation by neural networks may unravel the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-02 Birgitta Dresp-Langley , John M. Wandeto

Self-organizing systems demonstrate how simple local rules can generate complex stochastic patterns. Many natural systems rely on such dynamics, making self-organization central to understanding natural complexity. A fundamental challenge…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2026-01-12 Elias Najarro , Nicolas Bessone , Sebastian Risi

In some applications and in order to address real world situations better, data may be more complex than simple vectors. In some examples, they can be known through their pairwise dissimilarities only. Several variants of the Self…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-01-03 Madalina Olteanu , Nathalie Villa-Vialaneix , Marie Cottrell

Visual representations underlie object recognition tasks, but they often contain both robust and non-robust features. Our main observation is that image classifiers may perform poorly on out-of-distribution samples because spurious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Chengzhi Mao , Kevin Xia , James Wang , Hao Wang , Junfeng Yang , Elias Bareinboim , Carl Vondrick

Graph vertex ordering is widely employed in spatial data analysis, especially in urban analytics, where street graphs serve as spatial discretization for modeling and simulation. It is also crucial for visualization, as many methods require…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Karelia Salinas , Victor Barella , Thales Viera , Luis Gustavo Nonato

In this paper, we formulate the colorization problem into a multinomial classification problem and then apply a weighted function to classes. We propose a set of formulas to transform color values into color classes and vice versa. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Mrityunjoy Gain , Avi Deb Raha , Rameswar Debnath

Successful visual navigation depends upon capturing images that contain sufficient useful information. In this letter, we explore a data-driven approach to account for environmental lighting changes, improving the quality of images for use…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Justin Tomasi , Brandon Wagstaff , Steven L. Waslander , Jonathan Kelly

Self-Organising Maps (SOM) are Artificial Neural Networks used in Pattern Recognition tasks. Their major advantage over other architectures is human readability of a model. However, they often gain poorer accuracy. Mostly used metric in SOM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-07 Piotr Płoński , Krzysztof Zaremba

Distribution shifts between training and testing datasets significantly impair the model performance on graph learning. A commonly-taken causal view in graph invariant learning suggests that stable predictive features of graphs are causally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Bohan Wang , Yurui Chang , Wei Jin , Lu Lin

Graph visualizations have been studied for tasks such as clustering and temporal analysis, but how these visual similarities relate to established graph similarity measures remains unclear. In this paper, we explore the potential of Vision…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Seokweon Jung , Hyeon Jeon , Jeongmin Rhee , Jinwook Seo

We develop a "multifocal" approach to reveal spatial dissimilarities in cities, from the most local scale to the metropolitan one. Think for instance of a statistical variable that may be measured at different scales, eg ethnic group…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-07-02 Julien Randon-Furling , Madalina Olteanu , Antoine Lucquiaud

In clinical settings, we often face the challenge of building prediction models based on small observational data sets. For example, such a data set might be from a medical center in a multi-center study. Differences between centers might…