Related papers: "Mass Without Mass" and Nuclear Matter
Neutron rich matter is at the heart of many fundamental questions in Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics. What are the high density phases of QCD? Where did the chemical elements come from? What is the structure of many compact and energetic…
Using the idea of a smooth crossover from the hadronic matter with hyperons to quark matter with strangeness, we show that the maximum mass of neutron stars with quark matter core can be larger than those without quark matter core. This is…
Gravity compresses the matter in the cores of neutron stars to densities which are significantly higher than the density of ordinary atomic nuclei, thus providing a high-pressure environment in which numerous particle processes - from the…
The J-PARC facility is near completion and experiments will start in 2009 on nuclear and particle physics projects. In this article, the J-PARC facility is introduced, and possible projects are discussed in high-energy hadron physics by…
Neutron star merger event GW170817 sets an upper limit on the maximum mass of non-rotating neutron stars. Consequently, this event puts strong constraints on the dense matter equation of state (EoS). A comparative study of dense matter…
Neutron stars (NS) are compact objects with strong gravitational fields, and a matter composition subject to extreme physical conditions. The properties of strongly interacting matter at ultra-high densities and temperatures impose a big…
WIMPless dark matter offers an attractive framework in which dark matter can be very light. We investigate the implications of such scenarios on invisible decays of bottomonium states for dark matter with a mass less than around $5 {\rm…
Formed in the aftermath of gravitational core-collapse supernova explosions, neutron stars are unique cosmic laboratories for probing the properties of matter under extreme conditions that cannot be reproduced in terrestrial laboratories.…
This note is based on four lectures that I gave at the 10th Taiwan Nuclear Spring School held at Hualien, Taiwan in January 2002. It aims to correlate the old notion of Cheshire Cat Principle developed for elementary baryons to the modern…
One of the main open issues of neutrino physics is the determination of the mass hierarchy, discriminating between the two possible ordering of the mass eigenvalues, known as Normal and Inverted Hierarchies. The solution of this puzzle…
If dark matter (DM) exists in halos around rotating neutron stars (NSs), it will be essential to understand the effects of rotation on the distribution of DM and baryonic matter (BM) in the stars to interpret observations. In this work, we…
There is currently enormous interest in the investigation of how hadron properties may be altered by immersion in matter. There is strong evidence of a reduction in the mass of the rho meson from relativistic heavy ion collisions as well as…
Depending on mass and rotational frequency, gravity compresses the matter in the core regions of neutron stars to densities that are several times higher than the density of ordinary atomic nuclei. At such huge densities atoms themselves…
The speed of sound of the matter within neutron stars may contain non-smooth structure related to first-order phase transitions or or crossovers. Here we investigate what are the observable consequences of structure, such as bumps, spikes,…
The compact object with a mass of $2.50-2.67~M_\odot$ observed by LIGO Scientific and Virgo collaborations in GW190814, as well as the recent report of a light compact object with a mass and radius of $M=0.77^{+0.20}_{-0.17}M_{\odot}$ and…
The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is at the center of numerous theoretical and experimental efforts in nuclear physics. With advances in microscopic theories for nuclear interactions, the availability of experiments probing nuclear matter…
The determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy, whether the $\nu _3$ neutrino mass eigenstate is heavier or lighter than the $\nu _1$ and $\nu _2$ mass eigenstates, is one of the remaining undetermined fundamental aspects of the Standard…
A set of theoretical mass-radius relations for rigidly rotating neutron stars with exotic cores, obtained in various theories of dense matter, is reviewed. Two basic observational constraints are used: the largest measured rotation…
Neutron stars are the most dense objects in the observable Universe and conventionally one uses nuclear theory to obtain the equation of state (EOS) of dense hadronic matter and the global properties of these stars. In this work, we review…
Big-Bang cosmology and ideas for possible physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics are introduced. The density budget of the Universe is audited, and the issues involved in calculating the baryon density from microphysics are…