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Labeling data can be an expensive task as it is usually performed manually by domain experts. This is cumbersome for deep learning, as it is dependent on large labeled datasets. Active learning (AL) is a paradigm that aims to reduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Pieter Floris Jacobs , Gideon Maillette de Buy Wenniger , Marco Wiering , Lambert Schomaker

Deep learning for clinical applications is subject to stringent performance requirements, which raises a need for large labeled datasets. However, the enormous cost of labeling medical data makes this challenging. In this paper, we build a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Weicheng Kuo , Christian Häne , Esther Yuh , Pratik Mukherjee , Jitendra Malik

Active learning is commonly used to train label-efficient models by adaptively selecting the most informative queries. However, most active learning strategies are designed to either learn a representation of the data (e.g., embedding or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Namrata Nadagouda , Austin Xu , Mark A. Davenport

Active learning (AL) is a promising ML paradigm that has the potential to parse through large unlabeled data and help reduce annotation cost in domains where labeling data can be prohibitive. Recently proposed neural network based AL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Prateek Munjal , Nasir Hayat , Munawar Hayat , Jamshid Sourati , Shadab Khan

Neural coreference resolution models trained on one dataset may not transfer to new, low-resource domains. Active learning mitigates this problem by sampling a small subset of data for annotators to label. While active learning is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Michelle Yuan , Patrick Xia , Chandler May , Benjamin Van Durme , Jordan Boyd-Graber

Training deep object detectors demands expensive bounding box annotation. Active learning (AL) is a promising technique to alleviate the annotation burden. Performing AL at box-level for object detection, i.e., selecting the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jingyi Liao , Xun Xu , Chuan-Sheng Foo , Lile Cai

The iterative selection of examples for labeling in active machine learning is conceptually similar to feedback channel coding in information theory: in both tasks, the objective is to seek a minimal sequence of actions to encode…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-02 Gregory Canal , Matthieu Bloch , Christopher Rozell

Active Learning (AL) has garnered significant interest across various application domains where labeling training data is costly. AL provides a framework that helps practitioners query informative samples for annotation by oracles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Pouya Ahadi , Blair Winograd , Camille Zaug , Karunesh Arora , Lijun Wang , Kamran Paynabar

The goal of pool-based active learning is to judiciously select a fixed-sized subset of unlabeled samples from a pool to query an oracle for their labels, in order to maximize the accuracy of a supervised learner. However, the unsaid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Shubhang Bhatnagar , Sachin Goyal , Darshan Tank , Amit Sethi

Many active learning and search approaches are intractable for large-scale industrial settings with billions of unlabeled examples. Existing approaches search globally for the optimal examples to label, scaling linearly or even…

In this work, we define cost-free learning (CFL) formally in comparison with cost-sensitive learning (CSL). The main difference between them is that a CFL approach seeks optimal classification results without requiring any cost information,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-07-23 Xiaowan Zhang , Bao-Gang Hu

Inspired by the concept of active learning, we propose active inference$\unicode{x2013}$a methodology for statistical inference with machine-learning-assisted data collection. Assuming a budget on the number of labels that can be collected,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-09 Tijana Zrnic , Emmanuel J. Candès

Pool-based active learning (AL) aims to optimize the annotation process (i.e., labeling) as the acquisition of annotations is often time-consuming and therefore expensive. For this purpose, an AL strategy queries annotations intelligently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Marek Herde , Denis Huseljic , Bernhard Sick , Adrian Calma

Active learning (AL) has shown promise for being a particularly data-efficient machine learning approach. Yet, its performance depends on the application and it is not clear when AL practitioners can expect computational savings. Here, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Kunal Ghosh , Milica Todorović , Aki Vehtari , Patrick Rinke

Active learning for imbalanced classification tasks is challenging as the minority classes naturally occur rarely. Gathering a large pool of unlabelled data is thus essential to capture minority instances. Standard pool-based active…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Pietro Lesci , Andreas Vlachos

Quantum machine learning, as an extension of classical machine learning that harnesses quantum mechanics, facilitates effiient learning from data encoded in quantum states. Training a quantum neural network typically demands a substantial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yongcheng Ding , Yue Ban , Mikel Sanz , José D. Martín-Guerrero , Xi Chen

Continual learning (CL) enables deep neural networks to adapt to ever-changing data distributions. In practice, there may be scenarios where annotation is costly, leading to active continual learning (ACL), which performs active learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jaehyun Park , Dongmin Park , Jae-Gil Lee

The ability to train complex and highly effective models often requires an abundance of training data, which can easily become a bottleneck in cost, time, and computational resources. Batch active learning, which adaptively issues batched…

The goal of active learning is to achieve the same accuracy achievable by passive learning, while using much fewer labels. Exponential savings in terms of label complexity have been proved in very special cases, but fundamental lower bounds…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-01 Yinglun Zhu , Robert Nowak

It is widely believed that given the same labeling budget, active learning (AL) algorithms like margin-based active learning achieve better predictive performance than passive learning (PL), albeit at a higher computational cost. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Alexandru Tifrea , Jacob Clarysse , Fanny Yang