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We provide a new algorithm for tabulating composite numbers which are pseudoprimes to both a Fermat test and a Lucas test. Our algorithm is optimized for parameter choices that minimize the occurrence of pseudoprimes, and for pseudoprimes…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-13 Andrew Shallue , Jonathan Webster

In 1977, Hugh Williams studied Lucas pseudoprimes to all Lucas sequences of a fixed discriminant. These are composite numbers analogous to Carmichael numbers and they satisfy a Korselt-like criterion: $n$ must be a product of distinct…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-03 Chloe Helmreich , Jonathan Webster

We describe the average sizes of the set of bad witnesses for a pseudo-primality test which is the product of a multiple-rounds Miller-Rabin test by the Galois test.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-16 Johnathan Djella Legnongo , Tony Ezome , Florian Luca

We develop a simple $O((\log n)^2)$ test as an extension of Proth's test for the primality for $p2^n+1$, $p>2^n$. This allows for the determination of large, non-Sierpinski primes $p$ and the smallest $n$ such that $p2^n+1$ is prime. If $p$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-16 Tejas R. Rao

We consider a probabilistic quantum implementation of a variable of the Pocklington-Lehmer $N-1$ primality test using Shor's algorithm. O($\log^3 N \log\log N \log\log\log N$) elementary q-bit operations are required to determine the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 H. F. Chau , H. -K. Lo

The accurate representation of epistemic uncertainty is a challenging yet essential task in machine learning. A widely used representation corresponds to convex sets of probabilistic predictors, also known as credal sets. One popular way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Mira Jürgens , Thomas Mortier , Eyke Hüllermeier , Viktor Bengs , Willem Waegeman

Primality testing is an especially useful topic for public-key cryptography. In this paper, a novel primality test algorithm based on the Pell's cubic will be introduced, and its necessary primality conditions will be proved using three…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Luca Di Domenico , Nadir Murru

Empirical investigations into unintended model behavior often show that the algorithm is predicting another outcome than what was intended. These exposes highlight the need to identify when algorithms predict unintended quantities - ideally…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-27 Amanda Coston

Lucas-Lehmer test is the current standard algorithm used for testing the primality of Mersenne numbers, but it may have limitations in terms of its efficiency and accuracy. Developing new algorithms or improving upon existing ones could…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-25 Moustafa Ibrahim

We have presented a multivariate polynomial function termed as factor elimination function,by which, we can generate prime numbers. This function's mapping behavior can explain the irregularities in the occurrence of prime numbers on the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Vineet Kumar

We give a new characterization of the set $\mathcal{C}$ of Carmichael numbers in the context of $p$-adic theory, independently of the classical results of Korselt and Carmichael. The characterization originates from a surprising link to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Bernd C. Kellner , Jonathan Sondow

Alford, Granville, and Pomerance proved that there are infinitely many Carmichael numbers. In the same paper, they ask if a statement analogous to Bertrand's postulate could be proven for Carmichael numbers. In this paper, we answer this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-19 Daniel Larsen

We made a comparative analysis of numerical methods for multidimensional optimization. The main parameter is a number of computations of the test function to reach necessary accuracy, as it is computationally "slow". For complex functions,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-09 Ivan L. Andronov , Maria G. Tkachenko

Prime numbers are fascinating by the way they appear in the set of natural numbers. Despite several results enlighting us about their repartition, the set of prime numbers is often informally qualified as misterious. In the present paper,…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Arnaud Mayeux

The primary Carmichael numbers were recently introduced as a special subset of the Carmichael numbers. A primary Carmichael number $m$ has the unique property that $s_p(m) = p$ holds for each prime factor $p$, where $s_p(m)$ is the sum of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Bernd C. Kellner

In this paper, we introduce a novel quantum algorithm for the factorization of composite odd numbers. This work makes two significant contributions. First, we present a new improvement to the classical Fermat method, fourfold reducing the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Julien Mellaerts

In this paper we present and expand upon procedures for obtaining large d digit prime number to an arbitrary probability. We use a layered approach. The first step is to limit the pool of random number to exclude numbers that are obviously…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-09-29 Gavriel Yarmish , Joshua Yarmish , Jason Yarmish

Qualitative and infinitesimal probability schemes are consistent with the axioms of probability theory, but avoid the need for precise numerical probabilities. Using qualitative probabilities could substantially reduce the effort for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Max Henrion , Gregory M. Provan , Brendan del Favero , Gillian Sanders

Odd numbers can be indexed by the map k(n)=(n-3)/2, n belonging to 2N+3. We first propose a basic primality test using this index function that was first introduced in article (8). Input size of operations is reduced which improves…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Marc Wolf , François Wolf

Let $a > 1$. Then $a^n < n!$ for some positive integer $n$. There are several numerical sequences associated with the study of the smallest such integer which are studied in \cite{RadFact} and \cite{RadGamma}. Here we continue the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-07 David E. Radford