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This work investigates the in-context learning abilities of pretrained large language models (LLMs) when instructed to translate text from a low-resource language into a high-resource language as part of an automated machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Sara Court , Micha Elsner

Neural machine translation has become the state-of-the-art for language pairs with large parallel corpora. However, the quality of machine translation for low-resource languages leaves much to be desired. There are several approaches to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Ilshat Gibadullin , Aidar Valeev , Albina Khusainova , Adil Khan

An effective method to improve extremely low-resource neural machine translation is multilingual training, which can be improved by leveraging monolingual data to create synthetic bilingual corpora using the back-translation method. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Maali Tars , Andre Tättar , Mark Fišel

Cross-lingual transfer (XLT) is an emergent ability of multilingual language models that preserves their performance on a task to a significant extent when evaluated in languages that were not included in the fine-tuning process. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Taejun Yun , Jinhyeon Kim , Deokyeong Kang , Seong Hoon Lim , Jihoon Kim , Taeuk Kim

Prior works have demonstrated that a low-resource language pair can benefit from multilingual machine translation (MT) systems, which rely on many language pairs' joint training. This paper proposes two simple strategies to address the rare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Thi-Vinh Ngo , Phuong-Thai Nguyen , Thanh-Le Ha , Khac-Quy Dinh , Le-Minh Nguyen

Cross-lingual transfer of word embeddings aims to establish the semantic mappings among words in different languages by learning the transformation functions over the corresponding word embedding spaces. Successfully solving this problem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Ruochen Xu , Yiming Yang , Naoki Otani , Yuexin Wu

Translation-based prompting is widely used in multilingual LLMs, yet its effectiveness varies across languages and tasks. We evaluate prompting strategies across ten languages of different resource levels and four benchmarks. Our analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Wei-Chi Wu , Sheng-Lun Wei , Hen-Hsen Huang , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Unsupervised neural machine translation (NMT) has attracted a lot of attention recently. While state-of-the-art methods for unsupervised translation usually perform well between similar languages (e.g., English-German translation), they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Yichong Leng , Xu Tan , Tao Qin , Xiang-Yang Li , Tie-Yan Liu

Recently there has been a significant surge in multimodal learning in terms of both image-to-text and text-to-image generation. However, the success is typically limited to English, leaving other languages largely behind. Building a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Jinyi Hu , Yuan Yao , Chongyi Wang , Shan Wang , Yinxu Pan , Qianyu Chen , Tianyu Yu , Hanghao Wu , Yue Zhao , Haoye Zhang , Xu Han , Yankai Lin , Jiao Xue , Dahai Li , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Neural Machine Translation (MT) has radically changed the way systems are developed. A major difference with the previous generation (Phrase-Based MT) is the way monolingual target data, which often abounds, is used in these two paradigms.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Franck Burlot , François Yvon

Large language models have significantly advanced Multilingual Machine Translation (MMT), yet scaling to many languages while keeping quality robust across directions remains challenging. In this paper, we identify a failure mode of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Yingfeng Luo , Ziqiang Xu , Yuxuan Ouyang , Murun Yang , Dingyang Lin , Kaiyan Chang , Tong Zheng , Bei Li , Peinan Feng , Quan Du , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Reordering is a challenge to machine translation (MT) systems. In MT, the widely used approach is to apply word based language model (LM) which considers the constituent units of a sentence as words. In speech recognition (SR), some phrase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-02-19 Geliang Chen

Recently, neural machine translation (NMT) has been extended to multilinguality, that is to handle more than one translation direction with a single system. Multilingual NMT showed competitive performance against pure bilingual systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Surafel M. Lakew , Mauro Cettolo , Marcello Federico

Recognizing semantically similar sentences or paragraphs across languages is beneficial for many tasks, ranging from cross-lingual information retrieval and plagiarism detection to machine translation. Recently proposed methods for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-22 Goran Glavaš , Marc Franco-Salvador , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Paolo Rosso

Cross-lingual semantic textual similarity systems estimate the degree of the meaning similarity between two sentences, each in a different language. State-of-the-art algorithms usually employ machine translation and combine vast amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-12 Tomáš Brychcín

Despite the growing variety of languages supported by existing multilingual neural machine translation (MNMT) models, most of the world's languages are still being left behind. We aim to extend large-scale MNMT models to incorporate a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wen Lai , Viktor Hangya , Yingli Shen , Alexander Fraser

We introduce negative space learning machine translation (NSL-MT), a training method for underresourced languages, that augments limited parallel data with synthetically generated violations of the target language's grammar and explicitly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Mamadou K. Keita , Christopher Homan , Huy Le

Aligning language models (LMs) based on human-annotated preference data is a crucial step in obtaining practical and performant LM-based systems. However, multilingual human preference data are difficult to obtain at scale, making it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Zhaofeng Wu , Ananth Balashankar , Yoon Kim , Jacob Eisenstein , Ahmad Beirami

Current research in zero-shot translation is plagued by several issues such as high compute requirements, increased training time and off target translations. Proposed remedies often come at the cost of additional data or compute…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Danish Ebadulla , Rahul Raman , S. Natarajan , Hridhay Kiran Shetty , Ashish Harish Shenoy

Pretrained multilingual contextual representations have shown great success, but due to the limits of their pretraining data, their benefits do not apply equally to all language varieties. This presents a challenge for language varieties…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ethan C. Chau , Lucy H. Lin , Noah A. Smith