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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) allows to probe matter at atomic scale by measuring the perturbation of a nanomechanical oscillator induced by near-field interaction forces. The quest to improve sensitivity and resolution of AFM has forced…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-25 Alessandro Siria , Antoine Niguès

We propose a new method to investigate interactions involved in atomic force microscopy (AFM). It is a dynamical method relying on the growth of oscillations via parametric resonance. With this method the second and third derivatives of the…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Franz-Josef Elmer

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has a great potential as a tool to characterize mechanical and morphological properties of living cells; these properties have been shown to correlate with cells' fate and patho-physiological state in view of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-06-21 Luca Puricelli , Massimiliano Galluzzi , Carsten Schulte , Alessandro Podestà , Paolo Milani

Forces acting between an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) tip and sample are three dimensional. Despite this, most AFM force measurements are confined to one or two dimensions. Extending AFM force measurements into three dimensions has…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-21 Roger Proksch , Ryan Wagner

Atomic-resolution imaging on molten metal/solid interfaces at temperatures above 200 {\deg}C was achieved using a high-temperature, high-speed atomic force microscope (AFM) equipped with a qPlus sensor. A tip-scanning high-speed Quadpod…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-04-08 Yuto Nishiwaki , Toru Utsunomiya , Takashi Ichii

While the fundamental limit on the resolution achieved in an atomic force microscope (AFM) is clearly related to the tip radius, the fact that the tip can creep and/or wear during an experiment is often ignored. This is mainly due to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Sergio Santos , Victor Barcons , Josep Font , Neil H Thomson

Atomic force spectroscopy and microscopy (AFM) are invaluable tools to characterize nanostructures and biological systems. Most experiments, including state-of-the-art images of molecular bonds, are achieved by driving probes at their…

The ability to probe a materials electromechanical functionality on the nanoscale is critical to applications from energy storage and computing to biology and medicine. Voltage modulated atomic force microscopy (VM-AFM) has become a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-04-16 Liam Collins , Yongtao Liu , Olga Ovchinnikova , Roger Proksch

Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is a well-established technique in scanning probe microscopy that allows for the imaging of magnetic samples with a spatial resolution of tens of nm and stray fields down to the mT range. The spatial…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-13 Christopher Habenschaden , Sibylle Sievers , Alexander Klasen , Andrea Cerreta , Hans Werner Schumacher

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful tool to investigate interaction forces at the micro and nanoscale. Cantilever stiffness, dimensions and geometry of the tip can be chosen according to the requirements of the specific application,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-31 M. Chighizola , L. Puricelli , L. Bellon , A. Podestà

Atomic Force Microscopy with SideWall (AFM SW) is widely used for nano-scale surface measurements at side surfaces. In the current study, by taking into consideration the effects of sidewall beam and its probe, an analytical method is…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-09-15 Sina Eftekhar , Seyyed Mostafa Mousavi Janbeh Sarayi

We present an alternative approach to pump-probe spectroscopy for measuring fast charge dynamics with an atomic force microscope (AFM). Our approach is based on coherent multifrequency lock-in measurement of the intermodulation between a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-01-30 Riccardo Borgani , David B. Haviland

Atomic force microscopy is based on tip sample interaction, which is determined by the properties of tip and sample. Unfortunately, in particular in ambient conditions the tip as well as the sample are contaminated, and it is not clear how…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-12-19 J. Sánchez , L. Almonte , J. Colchero

We present the design and experimental results of a near-field scanning microwave microscope (NSMM) working at a frequency of 1GHz. Our microscope is unique in that the sensing probe is separated from the excitation electrode to…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 K. Lai , M. B. Ji , N. Leindecker , M. A. Kelly , Z. X. Shen

Scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) is a powerful technique for mid-infrared spectroscopy at nanometer length scales. By investigating objects in aqueous environments through ultrathin membranes, s-SNOM has recently…

Direct time-varying tip-sample force measurements by torsional harmonic cantilevers facilitate detailed investigations of the cantilever dynamics in tapping-mode atomic force microscopy. Here we report experimental evidence that the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-11-26 Ozgur Sahin

Knowledge of surface forces is the key to understanding a large number of processes in fields ranging from physics to material science and biology. The most common method to study surfaces is dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM). Dynamic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-02-06 Daniel Platz , Daniel Forchheimer , Erik A. Tholen , David B. Haviland

Using electrostatic coupling between an AFM tip and a metallic surface as a test interaction, we here present the measurement of the force between the tip and the surface, together with the measurement of the interaction stiffness and the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-12-09 Simon Carpentier , Mario S. Rodrigues , Joël Chevrier

We study local oxidation induced by dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM), commonly called TappingMode AFM. This minimizes the field induced forces, which cause the tip to blunt, and enables us to use very fine tips. We are able to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Irmer , M. Kehrle , H. Lorenz , J. P. Kotthaus

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a versatile nanoscale imaging technique. Since its spatiotemporal resolution is fundamentally limited by the minimum detectable force (MDF) arising from system noise, a deep understanding of MDF is essential…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Kenichi Umeda , Noriyuki Kodera