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It is now well known that decentralised optimisation can be formulated as a potential game, and game-theoretical learning algorithms can be used to find an optimum. One of the most common learning techniques in game theory is fictitious…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-12-13 Michalis Smyrnakis , David S. Leslie

We consider two-player random extensive form games where the payoffs at the leaves are independently drawn uniformly at random from a given feasible set C. We study the asymptotic distribution of the subgame perfect equilibrium outcome for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-09 Itai Arieli , Yakov Babichenko

The Transformer, a highly expressive architecture for sequence modeling, has recently been adapted to solve sequential decision-making, most notably through the Decision Transformer (DT), which learns policies by conditioning on desired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Xiaohang Tang , Zhuowen Cheng , Satyabrat Kumar

The game-theoretic risk management framework put forth in the precursor work "Towards a Theory of Games with Payoffs that are Probability-Distributions" (arXiv:1506.07368 [q-fin.EC]) is herein extended by algorithmic details on how to…

General Economics · Economics 2020-04-10 Stefan Rass

In this paper, a multi-cluster game with high-order players is investigated. Different from the well-known multi-cluster games, the dynamics of players are taken into account in our problem. Due to the high-order dynamics of players,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-28 Zhenhua Deng , Yangyang Liu

Recently, robust reinforcement learning (RL) methods against input observation have garnered significant attention and undergone rapid evolution due to RL's potential vulnerability. Although these advanced methods have achieved reasonable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Kosuke Nakanishi , Akihiro Kubo , Yuji Yasui , Shin Ishii

We consider multi-agent coalitional games with uncertainty in the coalitional values. We provide a novel methodology to study the stability of the grand coalition in the case where each coalition constructs ambiguity sets for the (possibly)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-06 George Pantazis , Barbara Franci , Sergio Grammatico , Kostas Margellos

Population games can be regarded as a tool to study the strategic interaction of a population of players. Although several attention has been given to such field, most of the available works have focused only on the unconstrained case. That…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-21 Juan Martinez-Piazuelo , Nicanor Quijano , Carlos Ocampo-Martinez

Training machine learning models that are robust against adversarial inputs poses seemingly insurmountable challenges. To better understand adversarial robustness, we consider the underlying problem of learning robust representations. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Sicheng Zhu , Xiao Zhang , David Evans

Despite the growing prevalence of artificial neural networks in real-world applications, their vulnerability to adversarial attacks remains a significant concern, which motivates us to investigate the robustness of machine learning models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Jie Wang , Rui Gao , Yao Xie

Motivated by applications in job scheduling, queuing networks, and load balancing in cyber-physical systems, we develop and analyze a game-theoretic framework to balance the load among servers in static and dynamic settings. In these…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Fatemeh Fardno , S. Rasoul Etesami

We develop a flexible stochastic approximation framework for analyzing the long-run behavior of learning in games (both continuous and finite). The proposed analysis template incorporates a wide array of popular learning algorithms,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Ya-Ping Hsieh , Volkan Cevher

Adversarial robustness refers to a model's ability to resist perturbation of inputs, while distribution robustness evaluates the performance of the model under data shifts. Although both aim to ensure reliable performance, prior work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Yipei Wang , Zhaoying Pan , Xiaoqian Wang

We introduce a simple stochastic dynamics for game theory. It assumes ``local'' rationality in the sense that any player climbs the gradient of his utility function in the presence of a stochastic force which represents deviation from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-11-23 Matteo Marsili , Yi-Cheng Zhang

Mean-field game theory relies on approximating games that are intractable to model due to a very large to infinite population of players. While these kinds of games can be solved analytically via the associated system of partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Anna C. M. Thöni , Yoram Bachrach , Tal Kachman

Distributed decision making in multi-agent networks has recently attracted significant research attention thanks to its wide applicability, e.g. in the management and optimization of computer networks, power systems, robotic teams, sensor…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-13 Carlo Cenedese , Yu Kawano , Sergio Grammatico , Ming Cao

In this paper we argue for the fundamental importance of the value distribution: the distribution of the random return received by a reinforcement learning agent. This is in contrast to the common approach to reinforcement learning which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-24 Marc G. Bellemare , Will Dabney , Rémi Munos

Although reinforcement learning (RL) is considered the gold standard for policy design, it may not always provide a robust solution in various scenarios. This can result in severe performance degradation when the environment is exposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Juncheng Dong , Hao-Lun Hsu , Qitong Gao , Vahid Tarokh , Miroslav Pajic

A recent body of experimental literature has studied empirical game-theoretical analysis, in which we have partial knowledge of a game, consisting of observations of a subset of the pure-strategy profiles and their associated payoffs to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-13 John Fearnley , Martin Gairing , Paul Goldberg , Rahul Savani

We consider the problem of learning a set of probability distributions from the empirical Bellman dynamics in distributional reinforcement learning (RL), a class of state-of-the-art methods that estimate the distribution, as opposed to only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Thanh Tang Nguyen , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh