Related papers: Labor Contract Law -An Economic View
I describe the assessment framework of labor-based contract grading (LBCG). In a labor-based grading scheme, the time and effort ("labor") a student spends on an assignment determines the credit they receive; the contract component requires…
Market makers play an essential role in financial markets. A successful market maker should control inventory and adverse selection risks and provide liquidity to the market. As an important methodology in control problems, Reinforcement…
When perturbation or unexpected events do occur, agents need protocols for repairing or reforming the supply chain. Unfortunate contingency could increase too much the cost of performance, while breaching the current contract may be more…
Climate change and environmental concerns represent a global crisis accompanied by significant economic challenges. Regular international conferences held to address these issues, such as in the UK (2021) and Egypt (2022), spark debate…
The global production of electric goods is at an all-time high, causing negative environmental and health impacts as well as a continuing depletion of natural resources. Considering the worsening global climate change, a transition of…
This paper presents quasi-experimental research examining the effect of both local and state anti-discrimination laws on sexual orientation on the labor supply and wages of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) workers. To do so, we use the…
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in cost-sensitive and on-device scenarios, and safety guardrails have advanced mainly in English. However, real-world Chinese malicious queries typically conceal intent via homophones,…
I analyze long-term contracting in insurance markets with asymmetric information. The buyer privately observes her risk type, which evolves stochastically over time. A long-term contract specifies a menu of insurance policies, contingent on…
Air pollution has emerged as a serious challenge for China, posing a threat to public health and hindering the progress of sustainable economic development. In response to air pollution and other environmental issues, the Chinese government…
Uncertainty in quality and the inspectors' imperfect testing capability leave raw agricultural products (e.g., fresh produce, seafood, livestock and poultry products, etc.) wide open to economically motivated adulteration (EMA), and the…
There is an increasing supply and demand for political advertising throughout the world. At the same time, societal threats, such as election interference by foreign governments and other bad actors, continues to be a pressing concern in…
This paper analyzes how the legalization of same-sex marriage in the U.S. affected gay and lesbian couples in the labor market. Results from a difference-in-difference model show that both partners in same-sex couples were more likely to be…
For promoting the development of the marine economy more sustainably, based on the data envelopment analysis method and combined with the impact of the marine environment, the environmental performance of the marine economy was evaluated…
"Code is law" refers to the idea that, with the advent of digital technology, code has progressively established itself as the predominant way to regulate the behavior of Internet users. Yet, while computer code can enforce rules more…
We study the optimal design of relational contracts that incentivize an expert to share specialized knowledge with a novice. While the expert fears that a more knowledgeable novice may later erode his future rents, a third-party principal…
It is very important to adhere strictly to ethical and social influences when delivering most of our life to artificial intelligence systems. With industry 4.0, the internet of things, data analysis and automation have begun to be of great…
We document the evolution of labour market power by employers on the US and Peruvian labour markets during the 2010s. Making use of a structural estimation model of labour market dynamics, we estimate differences in market power that…
We study a moral hazard problem with adverse selection: a risk-neutral agent can directly control the output distribution and possess private information about the production environment. The principal designs a menu of contracts satisfying…
Large Language Models (LLMs) are poised to transform healthcare under China's Healthy China 2030 initiative, yet they introduce new ethical and patient-safety challenges. We present a novel 12,000-item Q&A benchmark covering 11 ethics and 9…
For many legal operations teams, the management of the contracts and agreements that their organization are negotiating or have been executed is an encompassing and time-consuming task. This has resulted in specialized tools for Contract…