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Stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) is a fundamental algorithm in stochastic optimization. Recent work by Zhang et al. [2017] presents an analysis for the hitting time of SGLD for the first and second order stationary points. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-17 Xi Chen , Simon S. Du , Xin T. Tong

Sampling from a target distribution induced by training data is central to Bayesian learning, with Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) serving as a key tool for scalable posterior sampling and decentralized variants enabling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Waheed U. Bajwa , Mert Gurbuzbalaban , Mustafa Ali Kutbay , Lingjiong Zhu , Muhammad Zulqarnain

Langevin algorithms are gradient descent methods augmented with additive noise, and are widely used in Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, optimization, and machine learning. In recent years, the non-asymptotic analysis of Langevin…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Yuping Zheng , Andrew Lamperski

Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD) is a general-purpose optimization-based sampling algorithm that has recently exploded in popularity, but is limited by two issues: it is known to produce biased samples, and it can be slow to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-20 Alex Leviyev , Joshua Chen , Yifei Wang , Omar Ghattas , Aaron Zimmerman

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is an out-of-equilibrium algorithm used extensively to train artificial neural networks. However very little is known on to what extent SGD is crucial for to the success of this technology and, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Persia Jana Kamali , Pierfrancesco Urbani

Stochastic Proximal Gradient (SPG) methods have been widely used for solving optimization problems with a simple (possibly non-smooth) regularizer in machine learning and statistics. However, to the best of our knowledge no non-asymptotic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-19 Yi Xu , Rong Jin , Tianbao Yang

Generalization error (also known as the out-of-sample error) measures how well the hypothesis learned from training data generalizes to previously unseen data. Proving tight generalization error bounds is a central question in statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Jian Li , Xuanyuan Luo , Mingda Qiao

Stochastic learning dynamics based on Langevin or Levy stochastic differential equations (SDEs) in deep neural networks control the variance of noise by varying the size of the mini-batch or directly those of injecting noise. Since the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 JInwuk Seok , Changsik Cho

Stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) and stochastic gradient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (SGHMC) are two popular Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms for Bayesian inference that can scale to large datasets, allowing to sample from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-30 Mert Gürbüzbalaban , Xuefeng Gao , Yuanhan Hu , Lingjiong Zhu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants are the main workhorses for solving large-scale optimization problems with nonconvex objective functions. Although the convergence of SGDs in the (strongly) convex case is well-understood,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Aritra Dutta , El Houcine Bergou , Soumia Boucherouite , Nicklas Werge , Melih Kandemir , Xin Li

The graduated optimization approach is a method for finding global optimal solutions for nonconvex functions by using a function smoothing operation with stochastic noise. This paper makes three contributions regarding graduated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Naoki Sato , Hideaki Iiduka

As sample sizes grow, scalability has become a central concern in the development of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. One general approach to this problem, exemplified by the popular stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD)…

Computation · Statistics 2024-12-04 Natesh S. Pillai , Aaron Smith , Azeem Zaman

The algorithms used to train neural networks, like stochastic gradient descent (SGD), have close parallels to natural processes that navigate a high-dimensional parameter space -- for example protein folding or evolution. Our study uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Shishir Adhikari , Alkan Kabakçıoğlu , Alexander Strang , Deniz Yuret , Michael Hinczewski

The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm is the algorithm we use to train neural networks. However, it remains poorly understood how the SGD navigates the highly nonlinear and degenerate loss landscape of a neural network. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Liu Ziyin , Hongchao Li , Masahito Ueda

We analyze the variance of stochastic gradients along negative curvature directions in certain non-convex machine learning models and show that stochastic gradients exhibit a strong component along these directions. Furthermore, we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Hadi Daneshmand , Jonas Kohler , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann

Adaptive or dynamic signal sampling in sensing systems can adapt subsequent sampling strategies based on acquired signals, thereby potentially improving image quality and speed. This paper proposes a Bayesian method for adaptive sampling…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Guanhua Wang , Douglas C. Noll , Jeffrey A. Fessler

We consider stochastic approximations of sampling algorithms, such as Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) and the Random Batch Method (RBM) for Interacting Particle Dynamcs (IPD). We observe that the noise introduced by the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Aniket Das , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Anant Raj

In this paper, we first reinvestigate the convergence of vanilla SGD method in the sense of $L^2$ under more general learning rates conditions and a more general convex assumption, which relieves the conditions on learning rates and do not…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-12 Tiannan Xiao , Guoguo Yang

Solving statistical learning problems often involves nonconvex optimization. Despite the empirical success of nonconvex statistical optimization methods, their global dynamics, especially convergence to the desirable local minima, remain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-30 Chris Junchi Li , Zhaoran Wang , Han Liu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a pillar of modern machine learning, serving as the go-to optimization algorithm for a diverse array of problems. While the empirical success of SGD is often attributed to its computational efficiency…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-16 Courtney Paquette , Elliot Paquette , Ben Adlam , Jeffrey Pennington
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