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We report on a voltage tunable radio-frequency (RF) detector based on a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). The spin-torque diode effect is used to excite and/or detect RF oscillations in the magnetic free layer of the MTJ. In order to reduce…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Witold Skowroński , Marek Frankowski , Jerzy Wrona , Tomasz Stobiecki , Piotr Ogrodnik , Józef Barnaś

The spin torque oscillator (STO), where the magnetization of the fixed layer is tilted out of the film plane, is capable of strong microwave signal generation in zero magnetic field. Through numerical simulations of the…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-04-29 Yan Zhou , C. L. Zha , S. Bonetti , J. Persson , Johan Akerman

Stochastic oscillators based on emerging nanodevices are attractive because of their ultra-low power requirement and ability to exhibit stochastic resonance, a phenomenon where synchronization to weak input signals is enabled due to ambient…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 Punyashloka Debashis , Aman K. Maskay , Pramey Upadhyaya , Zhihong Chen

Spin-polarized charge-currents induce magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) switching by virtue of spin-transfer-torque (STT). Recently, by taking advantage of the spin dependent thermoelectric properties of magnetic materials, novel means of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Aakash Pushp , Timothy Phung , Charles Rettner , Brian P. Hughes , See-Hun Yang , Stuart S. P. Parkin

Spin torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) hold encouraging promise for nanoscale microwave generators, modulators, and new types of intelligent computing. The nonlinearity, describing the current-induced tunability of oscillating frequency, is a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Zixi Wang , Wenlong Cai , Ao Du , Zanhong Chen , Lei Zhou , Shiyang Lu , Kewen Shi , Weisheng Zhao

We report on first-principles calculations of spin-transfer torque (STT) in epitaxial magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) based on ferrimagnetic tetragonal Mn$_3$Ga electrodes, both as analyzer in an Fe/MgO stack, and also in an analogous…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-10 Maria Stamenova , Plamen Stamenov , Farzad Mahfouzi , Quilong Sun , Nicholas Kioussis , Stefano Sanvito

Spin filtering and its back-action spin transfer torque (STT) are key ingredients of latest spintronic devices based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Resonant tunneling (RT), implemented by design or occurring as parasitic effects, is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Maciej Bazarnik , Anika Schlenhoff

The time domain stability of microwave spin torque oscillators (STOs) has been investigated by systematic micromagnetic simulations. A model based on internal spin wave reflection at grain boundaries with reduced exchange coupling was…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-09-19 B. Gunnar Malm , Anders Eklund , Mykola Dvornik

Dynamics of coupled spin-torque oscillators can be exploited for non-Boolean information processing. However, the feasibility of coupling large number of STOs with energy-efficiency and sufficient robustness towards parameter-variation and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-09-16 Mrigank Sharad , Deliang Fan , Karthik Yogendra , Kaushik Roy

Spin-transfer torques (STTs) can be exploited in order to manipulate the magnetic moments of nanomagnets, thus allowing for new consumer-oriented devices to be designed. Of particular interest here are tuneable radio-frequency (RF)…

Perpendicular MgO-based Magnetic Tunnel Junctions are optimal candidates as building block of Spin Transfer Torque (STT) magnetoresistive memories. However, up to now, the only STT is not enough to achieve switching current density below…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-03-13 M. Carpentieri , R. Tomasello , M. Ricci , P. Burrascano , G. Finocchio

Coherent, self-sustained oscillation of magnetization in spin-torque oscillators (STOs) is a promising source for on-chip, nanoscale generation of microwave magnetic fields. Such fields could be used for local excitation of spin-wave…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-08 H. Zhang , M. J. H. Ku , F. Casola , C. H. Du , T. van der Sar , M. C. Onbasli , C. A. Ross , Y. Tserkovnyak , A. Yacoby , R. L. Walsworth

We report on a time-domain study of parametric synchronization in a magnetic tunnel junction based spin torque nano-oscillator (STNO). Time-domain measurements of the instantaneous frequency ($f_{i}$) of a parametrically synchronized STNO…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Raghav Sharma , Naveen Sisodia , Philipp Dürrenfeld , Johan Åkerman , P. K. Muduli

Spin torque nano oscillators (STNO) are nano-scale devices that can convert a direct current into short wave-length spin-wave excitations in a ferromagnetic layer. We show that arrays of STNO can be used to create directional spin-wave…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-11-25 Ferran Macià , Frank. C. Hoppensteadt , Andrew D. Kent

A theoretical study on how synchronization and resonance-like phenomena in superparamagnetic tunnel junctions can be driven by spin-transfer torques is presented. We examine the magnetization of a superparamagnetic free layer that reverses…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Artur Accioly , Nicolas Locatelli , Alice Mizrahi , Damien Querlioz , Luis G. Pereira , Julie Grollier , Joo-Von Kim

Spin-orbit torques (SOT) provide a versatile tool to manipulate the magnetization of diverse classes of materials and devices using electric currents, leading to novel spintronic memory and computing approaches. In parallel to spin transfer…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-07-26 Viola Krizakova , Manu Perumkunnil , Sebastien Couet , Pietro Gambardella , Kevin Garello

We numerically study reservoir computing on a spin-torque oscillator (STO) array, describing the magnetization dynamics of the STO array by a nonlinear oscillator model. The STOs exhibit synchronized oscillation due to coupling by magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-09-27 Taro Kanao , Hirofumi Suto , Koichi Mizushima , Hayato Goto , Tetsufumi Tanamoto , Tazumi Nagasawa

Modulation of Spin Torque Oscillators (STOs) is investigated by analytically solving the time-dependent coupled equations of an auto-oscillator. A Fourier series solution is proposed, leading to the coefficients being determined with a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-05-23 Ezio Iacocca , Johan Åkerman

We demonstrate field and current controlled magnetodynamics in nanocontact spin-torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) based on orthogonal magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). We systematically analyze the microwave properties (frequency $f$,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-10-14 S. Jiang , M. Ahlberg , S. Chung , A. Houshang , R. Ferreira , P. P. Freitas , J. Åkerman

In this paper, a 3-terminal spin-transfer torque nano-oscillator (STNO) is studied using the concurrent spin injection of a spin-polarized tunneling current and a spin Hall current exciting the free layer into dynamic regimes beyond what is…