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The origin of the highly eccentric, inclined, and resonance-locked orbit of Pluto has long been a puzzle. A possible explanation has been proposed recently [Malhotra, R., {\it Nature} 365:819-21 (1993)] which suggests that these…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Renu Malhotra

Context: In the early evolution of a planetary system, a pair of planets may be captured in a mean motion resonance while still embedded in their nesting circumstellar disk. Aims: The goal is to estimate the direction and amount of shift in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-21 F. Marzari

Direct imaging has revealed exoplanet systems hosting multiple wide-orbit Super-Jupiters, where planet-planet interactions can shape their long-term dynamical evolution. These strong perturbations may lead to orbital instability, raising…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-17 Clarissa R. Do Ó , Jaehan Bae , Quinn M. Konopacky , Jayke S. Nguyen , Patrick Diamond , Krzysztof Goździewski , Dawid Jankowski

The formation of planetary cores must proceed rapidly in order for the giant planets to accrete their gaseous envelopes before the dissipation of the protoplanetary gas disc (<3 Myr). In orbits beyond 10 AU, direct accumulation of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-05 Michiel Lambrechts , Anders Johansen

Giant planet migration appears widespread among planetary systems in our Galaxy. However, the timescales of this process, which reflect the underlying dynamical mechanisms, are not well constrained, even within the solar system. Since…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-16 Graham Harper Edwards , C. Brenhin Keller , Elisabeth R. Newton , Cameron W. Stewart

In this Thesis I studied the formation of the four giant planets of the Solar System in the framework of the nucleated instability hypothesis. The model considers that solids and gas accretion are coupled in an interactive fashion, taking…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-11 Andrea Fortier

The dynamics of the high-inclination Plutinos is systematically studied. We first present the peculiar features of the 2:3 Neptune mean motion resonance (NMMR) for inclined orbits, especially for the correlation of resonant amplitude…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Jian Li , Li-Yong Zhou , Yi-Sui Sun

In this paper, we further develop the model for the migration of planets introduced in Del Popolo et al. (2001). We first model the protoplanetary nebula as a time-dependent accretion disc and find self-similar solutions to the equations of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Del Popolo , K. Y. Eksi

Understanding how dust evolves in protoplanetary disks is crucial to constraining the initial conditions of planet formation. The apparent "mass budget problem", which stems from the comparison of the observed disk masses to the ones…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-23 Sofia Savvidou

The question of what determines the width of Kuiper belt analogues (exoKuiper belts) is an open one. If solved, this understanding would provide valuable insights into the architecture, dynamics, and formation of exoplanetary systems.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-20 E. Miller , S. Marino , S. M. Stammler , P. Pinilla , C. Lenz , T. Birnstiel , Th. Henning

Planetesimal formation likely lasted for millions of years in the solar nebula, and the cold classicals in the Kuiper Belt are suggested to be the direct products of streaming instability. The presence of minor planetary bodies in the outer…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Tommy Chi Ho Lau , Til Birnstiel , Sebastian Markus Stammler , Joanna Drążkowska

Dust at the midplane of a circumstellar disk can become gravitationally unstable and fragment into planetesimals if the local dust-to-gas density ratio mu is sufficiently high. We simulate how dust settles in passive disks and ask how high…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Aaron T. Lee , Eugene Chiang , Xylar Asay-Davis , Joe Barranco

Standard models of planet formation explain how planets form in axisymmetric, unperturbed disks in single star systems. However, it is possible that giant planets could have already formed when other planetary embryos start to grow. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-01 Kangrou Guo , Eiichiro Kokubo

In models of planetary accretion, pebbles form by dust coagulation and rapidly migrate toward the central star. Planetesimals may continuously form from pebbles over the age of the protoplanetary disk by yet uncertain mechanisms. Meanwhile,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-17 Ryuji Morishima

Uncovering the formation process that reproduces the distinct properties of compact super-Earth exoplanet systems is a major goal of planet formation theory. The most successful model argues that non-resonant systems begin as resonant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Max Goldberg , Konstantin Batygin , Alessandro Morbidelli

TESS and Kepler have revealed that practically all close-in sub-Neptunes form in mean-motion resonant chains, most of which unravel on timescales of 100 Myr. Using N-body integrations, we study how planetary collisions from destabilized…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-17 Rixin Li , Eugene Chiang , Nick Choksi , Fei Dai

A critical step toward the emergence of planets in a protoplanetary disk consists in accretion of planetesimals, bodies 1-1000 km in size, from smaller disk constituents. This process is poorly understood partly because we lack good…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-28 David Nesvorny , Rixin Li , Andrew N. Youdin , Jacob B. Simon , William M. Grundy

According to the sequential accretion model, giant planet formation is based first on the formation of a solid core which, when massive enough, can gravitationally bind gas from the nebula to form the envelope. In order to trigger the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 A. Fortier , Y. Alibert , F. Carron , W. Benz , K. -M. Dittkrist

We present a series of calculations aimed at examining how an inner system of planetesimals/protoplanets, undergoing terrestrial planet formation, evolves under the influence of a giant planet undergoing inward type II migration through the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Martyn J. Fogg , Richard P. Nelson

We present the results of hydrodynamic simulations of the formation and subsequent orbital evolution of giant planets embedded in a circumbinary disc. We assume that a 20 earth masses core has migrated to the edge of the inner cavity formed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Arnaud Pierens , Richard P. Nelson
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