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Inward migration of giant planets is predicted by hydrodynamical simulations during the gas phase of the protoplanetary disc. The phenomenon is also invoked to explain resonant and near-resonant exoplanetary system structures. The early…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-30 Simona Pirani , Anders Johansen , Alexander J. Mustill

We perform simulations here that include the gravitational effects of the primordial planetesimal belt consisting of ~10^5 massive bodies. In our simulations, Neptune unlocks from resonance with the other giant planets and begins to migrate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-20 Nathan A. Kaib , Alex Parsells , Simon Grimm , Billy Quarles , Matthew S. Clement

The dynamical structure of the Solar System can be explained by a period of orbital instability experienced by the giant planets. While a late instability was originally proposed to explain the Late Heavy Bombardment, recent work favors an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-25 Rafael Ribeiro de Sousa , Alessandro Morbidelli , Sean N. Raymond , Andre Izidoro , Rodney Gomes , Ernesto Vieira Neto

We study the effect of a massive planetesimal disk on the dynamical stability of the outer planets assuming, as has been suggested recently, that these were initially locked in a compact and multiresonant configuration as a result of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Mauricio Reyes-Ruiz , Hector Aceves , Carlos E. Chavez

The Kuiper belt is a population of icy bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. The complex orbital structure of the Kuiper belt, including several categories of objects inside and outside of resonances with Neptune, emerged as a result of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-13 David Nesvorny , David Vokrouhlicky

Much of the dynamical structure of the Kuiper belt can be explained if Neptune migrated over several AU, and/or if Neptune was scattered to an eccentric orbit during planetary instability. An outstanding problem with the existing formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-19 David Nesvorny

A residual planetesimal disk of mass 10-100 Earth masses remained in the outer solar system following the birth of the giant planets, as implied by the existence of the Oort cloud, coagulation requirements for Pluto, and inefficiencies in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Ruth A. Murray-Clay , Eugene I. Chiang

The dynamical structure of the Kuiper belt can be used as a clue to the formation and evolution of the Solar System, planetary systems in general, and Neptune's early orbital history in particular. The problem is best addressed by forward…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-03 David Nesvorny

The origin of the orbital structure of the cold component of the Kuiper belt is still a hot subject of investigation. Several features of the solar system suggest that the giant planets underwent a phase of global dynamical instability, but…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 Rodney Gomes , David Nesvorny , Alessandro Morbidelli , Rogerio Deienno , Erica Nogueira

Modern studies of the early solar system routinely invoke the possibility of an orbital instability among the giant planets triggered by gravitational interactions between the planets and a massive exterior disk of planetesimals. Previous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 Billy Quarles , Nathan Kaib

Cold Neptunes and sub-Neptunes are among the most common products of planet formation and likely dominate the angular-momentum budgets in most planetary systems, yet their dynamical impact on planetary architectures remains poorly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-10 Ryan LoRusso , Cristobal Petrovich , Hareesh Gautham Bhaskar

The current dynamical structure of the Kuiper belt was shaped by the orbital evolution of the giant planets, especially Neptune, during the era following planet formation, when the giant planets may have undergone planet-planet scattering…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-29 Schuyler Wolff , Rebekah I. Dawson , Ruth A. Murray-Clay

Planetary migration is a crucial stage in the early solar system, explaining many observational phenomena and providing constraints on details related to the solar system's origins. This paper aims to investigate the acceleration during…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-22 Hailiang Li , Li-Yong Zhou , Xiaoping Zhang

It is generally accepted today that our solar system has undergone a phase during which the orbits of the giant planets became very unstable. In recent years, many studies have identified traces of this event and have provided reasonable…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-03 Athanasia Toliou , Alessandro Morbidelli , Kleomenis Tsiganis

Several properties of the Solar System, including the wide radial spacing of the giant planets, can be explained if planets radially migrated by exchanging orbital energy and momentum with outer disk planetesimals. Neptune's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 David Nesvorny

We explore the origin and orbital evolution of the Kuiper belt in the framework of a recent model of the dynamical evolution of the giant planets, sometimes known as the Nice model. This model is characterized by a short, but violent,…

The existence of the Oort Comet Cloud, the Kuiper Belt, and plausible inefficiencies in planetary core formation, all suggest that there was once a residual planetesimal disk of mass 10-100 Earth-masses in the vicinity of the giant planets…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Joseph M. Hahn , Renu Malhotra

There is an intriguing and growing population of Neptune-sized planets with stellar obliquities near $\sim90^{\circ}$. One previously proposed formation pathway is a disk-driven resonance, which can take place at the end stages of planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-04 Emma Louden , Sarah Millholland

Approximately 10-20% of all Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) occupy mean-motion resonances with Neptune. This dynamical configuration likely resulted from resonance capture as Neptune migrated outward during the late stages of planet formation.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Ruth A. Murray-Clay , Hilke E. Schlichting

The formation of the solar system's giant planets predated the ultimate epoch of massive impacts that concluded the process of terrestrial planet formation. Following their formation, the giant planets' orbits evolved through an episode of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-23 Matthew S. Clement , Nathan A. Kaib , Sean N. Raymond , John E. Chambers
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