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Using observation data to estimate unknown parameters in computational models is broadly important. This task is often challenging because solutions are non-unique due to the complexity of the model and limited observation data. However,…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-18 Jiacheng Wu , Jian-Xun Wang , Shawn C. Shadden

Estimating uncertainty of machine learning models is essential to assess the quality of the predictions that these models provide. However, there are several factors that influence the quality of uncertainty estimates, one of which is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Yuko Kato , David M. J. Tax , Marco Loog

Bayesian sociality models provide a scalable and flexible alternative for network analysis, capturing degree heterogeneity through actor-specific parameters while mitigating the identifiability challenges of latent space models. This paper…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-20 Juan Sosa , Carlo Martínez

This is a review of asymptotic and non-asymptotic behaviour of Bayesian methods under model specification. In particular we focus on consistency, i.e. convergence of the posterior distribution to the point mass at the best parametric…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Natalia Bochkina

We propose a Bayesian framework for fine-tuning large diffusion models with a novel network structure called Bayesian Power Steering (BPS). We clarify the meaning behind adaptation from a \textit{large probability space} to a \textit{small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ding Huang , Ting Li , Jian Huang

In order to improve forecasts, a decisionmaker often combines probabilities given by various sources, such as human experts and machine learning classifiers. When few training data are available, aggregation can be improved by incorporating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Joseph Kahn

Gathering labeled data to train well-performing machine learning models is one of the critical challenges in many applications. Active learning aims at reducing the labeling costs by an efficient and effective allocation of costly labeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Daniel Kottke , Marek Herde , Christoph Sandrock , Denis Huseljic , Georg Krempl , Bernhard Sick

In the case of informative sampling the sampling scheme explicitly or implicitly depends on the response variable. As a result, the sample distribution of response variable can- not be used for making inference about the population. In this…

Applications · Statistics 2016-11-18 Anna Sikov

In all areas of human knowledge, datasets are increasing in both size and complexity, creating the need for richer statistical models. This trend is also true for economic data, where high-dimensional and nonlinear/nonparametric inference…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-12-23 Dimitris Korobilis , Kenichi Shimizu

In many real-world scenarios where data is high dimensional, test time acquisition of features is a non-trivial task due to costs associated with feature acquisition and evaluating feature value. The need for highly confident models with an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Orpaz Goldstein , Mohammad Kachuee , Kimmo Karkkainen , Majid Sarrafzadeh

We propose a method for setting limits that avoids excluding parameter values for which the sensitivity falls below a specified threshold. These "power-constrained" limits (PCL) address the issue that motivated the widely used CLs…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-05-17 Glen Cowan , Kyle Cranmer , Eilam Gross , Ofer Vitells

We introduce a novel rule-based approach for handling regression problems. The new methodology carries elements from two frameworks: (i) it provides information about the uncertainty of the parameters of interest using Bayesian inference,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-11 Themistoklis Botsas , Lachlan R. Mason , Indranil Pan

A common approach in computational science is to use a set of of highly precise but expensive calculations to parameterize a model that allows less precise, but more rapid calculations on larger scale systems. Least-squares fitting on a…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-13 Eric Cockayne , Axel van de Walle

Model inadequacy and measurement uncertainty are two of the most confounding aspects of inference and prediction in quantitative sciences. The process of scientific inference (the inverse problem) and prediction (the forward problem)…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-11-30 Amir Shahmoradi

Feature selection in reinforcement learning (RL), i.e. choosing basis functions such that useful approximations of the unkown value function can be obtained, is one of the main challenges in scaling RL to real-world applications. Here we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-02-01 Tobias Jung , Peter Stone

Estimations of physical parameters using data usually involve non-uniform experimental efficiencies. In this article, a method of maximum likelihood fit is introduced using the efficiency as a weight, while the probability distribution…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-08-31 Chenxu Yu , Yanxi Zhang

The need for function estimation in label-limited settings is common in the natural sciences. At the same time, prior knowledge of function values is often available in these domains. For example, data-free biophysics-based models can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Hunter Nisonoff , Yixin Wang , Jennifer Listgarten

Background: Many mathematical models have now been employed across every area of systems biology. These models increasingly involve large numbers of unknown parameters, have complex structure which can result in substantial evaluation time…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2018-01-15 Ian Vernon , Junli Liu , Michael Goldstein , James Rowe , Jen Topping , Keith Lindsey

The R package BayesPPD (Bayesian Power Prior Design) supports Bayesian power and type I error calculation and model fitting after incorporating historical data with the power prior and the normalized power prior for generalized linear…

Applications · Statistics 2021-12-30 Yueqi Shen , Matthew A. Psioda , Joseph G. Ibrahim

We harness the power of Bayesian emulation techniques, designed to aid the analysis of complex computer models, to examine the structure of complex Bayesian analyses themselves. These techniques facilitate robust Bayesian analyses and/or…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-06 Ian Vernon , John Paul Gosling
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