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Let $F$ be an $(r+1)$-color critical graph with $r\geq 2$, that is, $\chi(F)=r+1$ and there is an edge $e$ in $F$ such that $\chi(F-e)=r$. Gerbner recently conjectured that every $n$-vertex maximal $F$-free graph with at least…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-04 Jian Wang , Shipeng Wang , Weihua Yang

As a strengthening of Hadwiger's conjecture, Gerards and Seymour conjectured that every graph with no odd $K_t$ minor is $(t-1)$-colorable. We prove two weaker variants of this conjecture. Firstly, we show that for each $t \geq 2$, every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Dong Yeap Kang , Sang-il Oum

A weighting of the edges of a hypergraph is called vertex-coloring if the weighted degrees of the vertices yield a proper coloring of the graph, i.e., every edge contains at least two vertices with different weighted degrees. In this paper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-20 Maciej Kalkowski , Michał Karoński , Florian Pfender

If $k\geq 0$, then a $k$-edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to edges of $G$ from the set of $k$ colors, so that adjacent edges receive different colors. A $k$-edge-colorable subgraph of $G$ is maximum if it is the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Liana Karapetyan , Vahan Mkrtchyan

We show that if a graph $G$ with $n \geq 3$ vertices can be drawn in the plane such that each of its edges is involved in at most four crossings, then $G$ has at most $6n-12$ edges. This settles a conjecture of Pach, Radoi\v{c}i\'{c},…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Eyal Ackerman

Hajos' conjecture that every simple even graph on $n$ vertices can be decomposed into at most $(n-1)/2$ cycles (see L. Lovasz, On covering of graphs, in: P. Erdos, G.O.H. Katona (Eds.), Theory of Graphs, Academic Press, New York, 1968, pp.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-01-09 Chunhui Lai , Mingjing Liu

A connected $n$-chromatic graph $G$ is double-critical if for all the edges $xy$ of $G$, the graph $G-x-y$ is $(n-2)$-chromatic. In 1966, Erd\H os and Lov\'asz conjectured that the only double-critical $n$-chromatic graph is $K_n$. This…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-19 Hao Huang , Alexander Yu

A set of colored graphs are compatible, if for every color $i$, the number of vertices of color $i$ is the same in every graph. A simultaneous embedding of $k$ compatibly colored graphs, each with $n$ vertices, consists of $k$ planar…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Debajyoti Mondal

A graph $G$ is $k$-{\em critical} if it has chromatic number $k$, but every proper subgraph of $G$ is $(k-1)$--colorable. Let $f_k(n)$ denote the minimum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $k$-critical graph. In a very recent paper, we gave a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-09-07 Alexandr Kostochka , Matthew Yancey

For a given $\delta \in (0,1)$, the randomly perturbed graph model is defined as the union of any $n$-vertex graph $G_0$ with minimum degree $\delta n$ and the binomial random graph $\mathbf{G}(n,p)$ on the same vertex set. Moreover, we say…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Kyriakos Katsamaktsis , Shoham Letzter , Amedeo Sgueglia

Motivated by the problem of Gallai on $(1-1)$-transversals of $2$-intervals, it was proved by the authors in 1969 that if the edges of a complete graph $K$ are colored with red and blue (both colors can appear on an edge) so that there is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-14 Andras Gyarfas , Jeno Lehel

An $acyclic$ edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycle s. The \emph{acyclic chromatic index} of a graph is the minimum number k such that there is an acyclic e dge coloring using k colors…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-01-14 Manu Basavaraju , L. Sunil Chandran

In 1971, Tomescu conjectured that every connected graph $G$ on $n$ vertices with chromatic number $k\geq4$ has at most $k!(k-1)^{n-k}$ proper $k$-colorings. Recently, Knox and Mohar proved Tomescu's conjecture for $k=4$ and $k=5$. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-23 Jacob Fox , Xiaoyu He , Freddie Manners

For a graph G, let h(G) denote the largest k such that G has k pairwise disjoint pairwise adjacent connected nonempty subgraphs, and let s(G) denote the largest k such that G has k pairwise disjoint pairwise adjacent connected subgraphs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-07 Matthias Kriesell

For an $r$-regular graph $G$, we define an edge-coloring $c$ with colors from $\{1,2,\cdots,$ $k\}$, in such a way that any vertex of $G$ is incident to at least one edge of each color. The multiset-color $c_m(v)$ of a vertex $v$ is defined…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-28 Xueliang Li , Xiaoyu Zhu

Let G be an n-vertex graph that contains linearly many cherries (i.e., paths on 3 vertices), and let c be a coloring of the edges of the complete graph K_n such that at each vertex every color appears only constantly many times. In 1979,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-18 Benny Sudakov , Jan Volec

A conjecture of Alon, Krivelevich, and Sudakov states that, for any graph $F$, there is a constant $c_F > 0$ such that if $G$ is an $F$-free graph of maximum degree $\Delta$, then $\chi(G) \leq c_F \Delta / \log\Delta$. Alon, Krivelevich,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-25 James Anderson , Anton Bernshteyn , Abhishek Dhawan

The notion of the circular coloring of signed graphs is a recent one that simultaneously extends both notions of the circular coloring of graphs and $0$-free coloring of signed graphs. A circular $r$-coloring of a signed graph $(G, \sigma)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Reza Naserasr , Zhouningxin Wang

An edge colored graph is said to contain rainbow-$F$ if $F$ is a subgraph and every edge receives a different color. In 2007, Keevash, Mubayi, Sudakov, and Verstra\"ete introduced the \emph{rainbow extremal number} $\mathrm{ex}^*(n,F)$, a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Nicholas Crawford , Dylan King , Sam Spiro

Lehel conjectured in the 1970s that every red and blue edge-coloured complete graph can be partitioned into two monochromatic cycles. This was confirmed in 2010 by Bessy and Thomass\'e. However, the host graph $G$ does not have to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-18 Peter Allen , Julia Böttcher , Richard Lang , Jozef Skokan , Maya Stein