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When algorithms for sorting and searching are applied to keys that are represented as bit strings, we can quantify the performance of the algorithms not only in terms of the number of key comparisons required by the algorithms but also in…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-04-16 James Allen Fill , Take Nakama

Modern comparison sorts like quicksort suffer from performance inconsistencies due to suboptimal pivot selection, leading to $(O(N^2))$ worst-case complexity, while in-place merge sort variants face challenges with data movement overhead.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Jia Xu Wei

We revisit the method of Kirschenhofer, Prodinger and Tichy to calculate the moments of comparisons used by the quick sort algorithm. We reemphasize that this approach helps in calculating these quantities with less computation. We also…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-13 Sumit Kumar Jha

Smoothed analysis is a framework for analyzing the complexity of an algorithm, acting as a bridge between average and worst-case behaviour. For example, Quicksort and the Simplex algorithm are widely used in practical applications, despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-29 Bichen Shi , Michel Schellekens , Georgiana Ifrim

Central limit theorems for linear statistics of lattice random fields (including spin models) are usually proven under suitable mixing conditions or quasi-associativity. Many interesting examples of spin models do not satisfy mixing…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-03-28 Tulasi Ram Reddy , Sreekar Vadlamani , D. Yogeshwaran

Quicksort on the fly returns the input of $n$ reals in increasing natural order during the sorting process. Correctly normalized the running time up to returning the l-th smallest out of n seen as a process in l converges weakly to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-02-18 Mahmoud Ragab , Uwe Roesler

Determining the number of clusters in a dataset is a fundamental issue in data clustering. Many methods have been proposed to solve the problem of selecting the number of clusters, considering it to be a problem with regard to model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Ryosuke Motegi , Yoichi Seki

Let $K$ be a smooth convex set with volume one in $\BBR^d$. Choose $n$ random points in $K$ independently according to the uniform distribution. The convex hull of these points, denoted by $K_n$, is called a {\it random polytope}. We prove…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Van Vu

In this paper we present TSSort, a probabilistic, noise resistant, quickly converging comparison sort algorithm based on Microsoft TrueSkill. The algorithm combines TrueSkill's updating rules with a newly developed next item pair selection…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-17 Jörn Hees , Benjamin Adrian , Ralf Biedert , Thomas Roth-Berghofer , Andreas Dengel

We present a sorting algorithm for the case of recurrent random comparison errors. The algorithm essentially achieves simultaneously good properties of previous algorithms for sorting $n$ distinct elements in this model. In particular, it…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-09-22 Barbara Geissmann , Stefano Leucci , Chih-Hung Liu , Paolo Penna

Through a reformulation of the local limit theorem and law of small numbers, which is obtained by working in the spaces naturally associated to the limiting distributions, we discover a general and abstract framework for the investigation…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-21 Alberto Lanconelli

Very recently, Khoury and Schild [FOCS 2025] showed that any randomized LOCAL algorithm that solves maximal matching requires $\Omega(\min\{\log \Delta, \log_\Delta n\})$ rounds, where $n$ is the number of nodes in the graph and $\Delta$ is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Alkida Balliu , Filippo Casagrande , Francesco d'Amore , Dennis Olivetti

In this paper, we analyse the dual pivot Quicksort, a variant of the standard Quicksort algorithm, in which two pivots are used for the partitioning of the array. We are solving recurrences of the expected number of key comparisons and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-31 Vasileios Iliopoulos , David B. Penman

We prove a local central limit theorem (LCLT) for the number of points $N(J)$ in a region $J$ in $\mathbb R^d$ specified by a determinantal point process with an Hermitian kernel. The only assumption is that the variance of $N(J)$ tends to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Peter J. Forrester , Joel L. Lebowitz

The Robbins-Monro algorithm is a recursive, simulation-based stochastic procedure to approximate the zeros of a function that can be written as an expectation. It is known that under some technical assumptions, a Gaussian convergence can be…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Lorick Huang , V Konakov

The local (central) limit theorem precisely describes the behavior of iterated convolution powers of a probability distribution on the $d$-dimensional integer lattice, $\mathbb{Z}^d$. Under certain mild assumptions on the distribution, the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-11-17 Evan Randles

In the random-order online set cover problem, the instance with $m$ sets and $n$ elements is chosen in a worst-case fashion, but then the elements arrive in a uniformly random order. Can this random-order model allow us to circumvent the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Anupam Gupta , Marco Molinaro , Matteo Russo

It is known that the fluctuations of suitable linear statistics of Haar distributed elements of the compact classical groups satisfy a central limit theorem. We show that if the corresponding test functions are sufficiently smooth, a rate…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-09-25 Christian Döbler , Michael Stolz

In this paper, we present a framework based on a simple data structure and parameterized algorithms for the problems of finding items in an unsorted list of linearly ordered items based on their rank (selection) or value (search). As a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-30 Ankur Gupta , Anna Kispert , Jonathan P. Sorenson

We provide a probabilistic analysis of the output of Quicksort when comparisons can err.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 L. Alonso , P. Chassaing , F. Gillet , S. Janson , E. M. Reingold , R. Schott