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Related papers: The Second Law of Quantum Complexity

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Black hole thermodynamics suggests that the maximum entropy that can be contained in a region of space is proportional to the area enclosing it rather than its volume. I argue that this follows naturally from loop quantum gravity and a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 John Swain

We develop a theory of the algorithmic information in bits contained in an individual pure quantum state. This extends classical Kolmogorov complexity to the quantum domain retaining classical descriptions. Quantum Kolmogorov complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-17 Paul M. B. Vitanyi

Equilibrium statistics of Hamiltonian systems is correctly described by the microcanonical ensemble, whereas canonical ones fail in the most interesting, mostly inhomogeneous, situations like phase separations or away from the thermodynamic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. H. E. Gross

In the early 1970s it is was realized that there is a striking formal analogy between the Laws of black-hole mechanics and the Laws of classical thermodynamics. Before the discovery of Hawking radiation, however, it was generally thought…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-11 Erik Curiel

In analogy of classical Kolmogorov complexity we develop a theory of the algorithmic information in bits contained in any one of continuously many pure quantum states: quantum Kolmogorov complexity. Classical Kolmogorov complexity coincides…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul Vitanyi

The generalized second law of thermodynamics states that entropy always increases when all event horizons are attributed with an entropy proportional to their area. We test the generalized second law by investigating the change in entropy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Tamara M. Davis , P. C. W. Davies , Charles H. Lineweaver

We take the view that the standard von Neumann definition, in which the entropy $S^{vN}$ of a pure state is zero, is in evident conflict with the statement of the second law that the entropy of the universe $S_{univ}$ increases in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-25 George L. Barnes , Phillip C. Lotshaw , Michael E. Kellman

In black hole physics, the second law of thermodynamics is generally valid whether the black hole is a static or a non-static one. Considering the universe as a thermodynamical system the second law of black hole dynamics extends to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Subenoy Chakraborty , Nairwita Mazumder , Ritabrata Biswas

We consider dynamical systems for which the spatial extension plays an important role. For these systems, the notions of attractor, epsilon-entropy and topological entropy per unit time and volume have been introduced previously. In this…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-11-11 Claudio Bonanno , Pierre Collet

We review the fundamental properties of the quantum relative entropy for finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. In particular, we focus on several inequalities that are related to the second law of thermodynamics, where the positivity and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-18 Takahiro Sagawa

Based on quantum statistical mechanics and microscopic quantum dynamics, we prove Planck's and Kelvin's principles for macroscopic systems in a general and realistic setting. We consider a hybrid quantum system that consists of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-04 Hal Tasaki

The generalized second law states the total entropy of any closed system as the universe cannot decrease if we include black hole entropy. From the point of view of an asymptotic observer, a black hole can be described at late time as an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-24 Antoine Rignon-Bret

According to the second law of thermodynamics, the arrow of time points to an ever increasing entropy of the Universe. However, exactly how the entropy evolves with time and what drives the growth remain largely unknown. Here, for the first…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-09 Xinghai Zhao , Yuexing Li , Qirong Zhu , Derek Fox

In classical Hamiltonian theories, entropy may be understood either as a statistical property of canonical systems, or as a mechanical property, that is, as a monotonic function of the phase space along trajectories. In classical mechanics,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-14 Marius Oltean , Luca Bonetti , Alessandro D. A. M. Spallicci , Carlos F. Sopuerta

The ultimate limits of computation are not just logical, but physical. We investigate the physical resources -- time, energy, entropy, and free energy -- required to perform computational work. We apply the resulting measures of physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Michele Reilly , Seth Lloyd

I use cosmology examples to illustrate that the second law of thermodynamics is not old and tired, but alive and kicking, continuing to stimulate interesting research on really big puzzles. The question "Why is the entropy so low?" (despite…

Popular Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Max Tegmark

The extended black hole thermodynamics in which the cosmological constant plays the role of pressure significantly enriches the phase structure of the theory. In order to understand the extended black hole thermodynamics more precisely, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-05 De-Chang Dai , Djordje Minic , Dejan Stojkovic

The Second Law of black hole thermodynamics is shown to hold for arbitrarily complicated theories of higher curvature gravity, so long as we allow only linearized perturbations to stationary black holes. Some ambiguities in Wald's Noether…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-25 Aron C. Wall

The rising complexity of our terrestrial surrounding is an empirical fact. Details of this process evaded description in terms of physics for long time attracting attention and creating myriad of ideas including non-scientific ones. In this…

Popular Physics · Physics 2017-03-10 Michal Mandrysz , Jakub Mielczarek

Black holes behave as thermodynamic systems, and a central task of any quantum theory of gravity is to explain these thermal properties. A statistical mechanical description of black hole entropy once seemed remote, but today we suffer an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-28 S. Carlip