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Over a smooth and proper complex scheme, the differential Galois group of an integrable connection may be obtained as the closure of the transcendental monodromy representation. In this paper, we employ a completely algebraic variation of…

The dominant theme of this thesis is the construction of matrix representations of finite solvable groups using a suitable system of generators. For a finite solvable group $G$ of order $N = p_{1}p_{2}\dots p_{n}$, where $p_{i}$'s are…

There are several variants of the inverse Galois problem which involve restrictions on ramification. In this paper we give sufficient conditions that a given finite group $G$ occurs infinitely often as a Galois group over the rationals…

Galois qudits are $q$-dimensional quantum systems whose choice of Pauli group encodes the arithmetic of some finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$. They differ from the more familiar modular qudit, which are the same quantum system but whose choice…

We describe a recursive algorithm that decomposes an algebraic set into locally closed equidimensional sets, i.e. sets which each have irreducible components of the same dimension. At the core of this algorithm, we combine ideas from the…

In this article, the Galois groupoid of the first Painlev\'{e} equation is computed. This computation use E. Cartan's classification of structural equations of pseudogroups acting on $C^2$ and the degeneration of the first Painlev\'{e}…

We present a theory for splitting algebras of monic polynomials over rings, and apply the results to symmetric functions, and Galois theory. Our main result is that the ring of invariants of a splitting algebra under the symmetric group…

In this article, we study the properties of profinite geometric iterated monodromy groups associated to polynomials. Such groups can be seen as generic representations of absolute Galois groups of number fields into the automorphism group…

The bulk macroscopic response of a system of particles or inclusions with field-induced forces is studied. The susceptibilities and transport coefficients in such a system are expressed as averages of a multiple scattering expansion. A…

Given data drawn from a mixture of multivariate Gaussians, a basic problem is to accurately estimate the mixture parameters. We give an algorithm for this problem that has a running time, and data requirement polynomial in the dimension and…

Let $C \langle t_1, \dots t_l\rangle$ be the differential field generated by $l$ differential indeterminates $\boldsymbol{t}=(t_1, \dots ,t_l)$ over an algebraically closed field $C$ of characteristic zero. We develop a lower bound…

A Galois theory of differential fields with parameters is developed in a manner that generalizes Kolchin's theory. It is shown that all connected differential algebraic groups are Galois groups of some appropriate differential field…

A new general decomposition theory inspired from modular graph decomposition is presented. This helps unifying modular decomposition on different structures, including (but not restricted to) graphs. Moreover, even in the case of graphs,…

The question of polynomial learnability of probability distributions, particularly Gaussian mixture distributions, has recently received significant attention in theoretical computer science and machine learning. However, despite major…

Let $K[x]$ be a polynomial algebra in a variable $x$ over a commutative $\Q$-algebra $K$, and $\G'$ be the monoid of $K$-algebra monomorphisms of $K[x]$ of the type $\s : x\mapsto x+\l_2x^2+... +\l_nx^n$, $\l_i\in K$, $\l_n$ is a unit of…

For every number field and every Cartan Killing type, there is an associated split simple algebraic group. We examine whether the corresponding arithmetic subgroups are profinitely solitary so that the commensurability class of the…

Solving a system of polynomial equations is a ubiquitous problem in the applications of mathematics. Until recently, it has been hopeless to find explicit solutions to such systems, and mathematics has instead developed deep and powerful…

This article is the third and last part of a series of three articles about compatible systems of symplectic Galois representations and applications to the inverse Galois problem. This part proves the following new result for the inverse…

Proposing an effective and flexible matrix to represent a graph is a fundamental challenge that has been explored from multiple perspectives, e.g., filtering in Graph Fourier Transforms. In this work, we develop a novel and general…

We studied framed deformations of two dimensional Galois representation of which the residue representation restrict to decomposition groups are scalars, and established a modular lifting theorem for certain cases. We then proved a family…