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AC/multi-terminal DC (MTDC) hybrid power systems have emerged as a solution for the large-scale and longdistance accommodation of power produced by renewable energy systems (RESs). To ensure the optimal operation of such hybrid power…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-26 Haixiao Li , Aleksandra Lekić

Optimal power flow (OPF) is the central optimization problem in electric power grids. Although solved routinely in the course of power grid operations, it is known to be strongly NP-hard in general, and weakly NP-hard over tree networks. In…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Pascal Van Hentenryck , Michael Chertkov , Sidhant Misra , Marc Vuffray

Convex relaxations of the optimal power flow (OPF) problem provide an efficient alternative to solving the intractable alternating current (AC) optimal power flow. The conic subset of OPF convex relaxations, in particular, greatly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Jean-Luc Lupien , Antoine Lesage-Landry

Optimal power flow (OPF) is one of the most important optimization problems in the energy industry. In its simplest form, OPF attempts to find the optimal power that the generators within the grid have to produce to satisfy a given demand.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-23 Damian Owerko , Fernando Gama , Alejandro Ribeiro

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem determines power generation/demand that minimize a certain objective such as generation cost or power loss. It is nonconvex. We prove that, for radial networks, after shrinking its feasible set slightly,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-18 Lingwen Gan , Na Li , Ufuk Topcu , Steven H. Low

This paper presents an algorithm for restoring AC power flow feasibility from solutions to simplified optimal power flow (OPF) problems, including convex relaxations, power flow approximations, and machine learning (ML) models. The proposed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Babak Taheri , Daniel K. Molzahn

The AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) problem is essential for power system operations, but its non-convex nature makes it challenging to solve. A widely used simplification is the linearized DC optimal power flow (DC-OPF) problem, which can…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-28 Salvador Pineda , Juan Pérez-Ruiz , Juan Miguel Morales

Many steady-state problems in power systems, including rectangular power-voltage formulations of optimal power flows in the alternating-current model (ACOPF), can be cast as polynomial optimisation problems (POP). For a POP, one can derive…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-20 Alan C. Liddell , Jie Liu , Jakub Marecek , Martin Takac

This paper presents a scalable method for improving the solutions of AC Optimal Power Flow (AC OPF) with respect to deviations in predicted power injections from wind and other uncertain generation resources. The focus of the paper is on…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-01-10 Miles Lubin , Yury Dvorkin , Line Roald

The Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem is central to the reliable and efficient operation of power systems, yet its non-convex nature poses significant challenges for finding globally optimal solutions. While convex relaxation techniques such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Mohammadreza Iranpour , Mohammad Rasoul Narimani

This tutorial summarizes recent advances in the convex relaxation of the optimal power flow (OPF) problem, focusing on structural properties rather than algorithms. Part I presents two power flow models, formulates OPF and their relaxations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-18 Steven H. Low

We introduce a quadratically-constrained approximation (QCAC) of the AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF) problem. Unlike existing approximations like the DC-OPF, our model does not rely on typical assumptions such as high reactance-to-resistance…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Gonzalo E. Constante-Flores , Can Li

This paper focuses on an AC optimal power flow (OPF) problem for distribution feeders equipped with controllable distributed energy resources (DERs). We consider a solution method that is based on a continuous approximation of the projected…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Damola Ajeyemi , Yiting Chen , Antonin Colot , Jorge Cortes , Emiliano Dall'Anese

One of the most common control decisions faced by power system operators is the question of how to dispatch generation to meet demand for power. This is a complex optimization problem that includes many nonlinear, non convex constraints as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-06-14 Russell Bent , Daniel Bienstock , Michael Chertkov

With increasing share of renewables in power generation mix, system operators would need to run Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problems closer to real-time to better manage uncertainty. Given that OPF is an expensive optimization problem to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-22 Alex Robson , Mahdi Jamei , Cozmin Ududec , Letif Mones

Optimal power flow (OPF) is the fundamental mathematical model in power system operations. Improving the solution quality of OPF provide huge economic and engineering benefits. The convex reformulation of the original nonconvex alternating…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-02 Zhao Yuan

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem seeks to control power generation/demand to optimize certain objectives such as minimizing the generation cost or power loss in the network. It is becoming increasingly important for distribution…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-07-02 Lingwen Gan , Na Li , Ufuk Topcu , Steven H. Low

The distribution optimal power flow (D-OPF) models have gained attention in recent years to optimally operate acentrally-managed distribution grid. On account of nonconvex formulation that is difficult to solve, several relaxation methods…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Rahul Ranjan Jha , Anamika Dubey

Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is a core optimization problem in power system operation and planning, aiming to minimize generation costs while satisfying physical constraints such as power flow equations, generator limits, and voltage limits.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xuezhi Liu

The recent literature has discussed the use of the relaxed Second Order Cone Programming (SOCP) to formulate Optimal Power Flow problems (OPF) for radial power grids. However, if the shunt parameters of the lines, composing the power grid,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-07-04 Mostafa Nick , Rachid Cherkaoui , Jean-Yves Le Boudec , Mario Paolone