Related papers: Soft x-rays induce femtosecond solid-to-solid phas…
The first numerical simulation of the process of ionization of an atom adsorbed on a metal surface by the subfemtosecond pulse is presented. The streaking scheme is considered, when a weak sub-femtosecond pulse comes together with a strong…
We have analysed X-ray outbursts from several Galactic black hole (GBH) transients, as seen by the ASM on board RXTE. We have used the best estimates of distance and black hole mass to find their luminosity (scaled to the Eddington limit),…
Low-energy ion beam modification was proposed to create graphene on the top of the insulated diamond-like carbon films. In such low-temperature fabrication process the surface of the amorphous carbon could crystallize to graphene as a…
When matter is exposed to a high-intensity x-ray free-electron-laser pulse, the x rays excite inner-shell electrons leading to the ionization of the electrons through various atomic processes and creating high-energy-density plasma, i.e.,…
he manifestation of intra-molecular strains in covalent systems is widely known to accelerate chemical reactions and open alternative reaction paths. This process is moderately understood for isolated molecules and uni-molecular processes.…
X-ray scattering has been an indispensable tool in advancing our understanding of matter, from the first evidence of the crystal lattice to recent discoveries of nuclei's fastest dynamics. In addition to the lattice, ultrafast resonant…
We report the observation and the theoretical explanation of the parametric down-conversion nonlinear susceptibility at the $K$-absorption edge of diamond and at the $L_{23}$-absorption edge of a silicon crystal. Using arguments similar to…
This work presents the design, fabrication, and experimental validation of a refractive diamond axicon for X-ray beam shaping. The diamond axicon was developed to overcome the limitations of polymer-based axicons particularly for…
A simple model for the "diamond graphitization" type of phase transition is proposed, leading to a good agreement with the experimental data. The phase transition temperature dependence on the external pressure is found. A new phenomenon in…
Nanoscale thermometry is paramount to study primary processes of heat transfer in solids and is a subject of hot debate in cell biology. Here we report ultrafast temperature sensing using all-optical thermometry exploiting synthetic…
Ultrasonic processing of solidifying metals in additive manufacturing can provide grain refinement and advantageous mechanical properties. However, the specific physical mechanisms of microstructural refinement relevant to laser-based…
Three dimensional waveguides within the bulk of diamond are manufactured using ultrafast laser fabrication. High intensities within the focal volume of the laser cause breakdown of the diamond into a graphitic phase leading to a stress…
The presence of soft x-rays is very important for the chemical evolution of interstellar medium and other astrophysical environments close to young and bright stars. Soft X-rays can penetrate deep in molecular clouds and protostellar disks…
We report the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a complete monolayer of hexane physisorbed onto the basal plane of graphite. At low temperatures the system forms a herringbone solid. With increasing temperature, a solid to…
In this work, we demonstrate that cutting diamond crystals with a laser (532~nm wavelength, 0.5~mJ energy, 200~ns pulse duration at 15~kHz) produces a $\lesssim 20~$nm thick surface layer with magnetic order at room temperature. We have…
Diamond is a material in use at many nuclear and high energy facilities due to its inherent radiation tolerance and ease of use. We have characterized detectors based on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond before and after proton…
The propagation of a shock wave in solids can stress them to ultra-high pressures of millions of atmospheres. Understanding the behavior of matter at these extreme pressures is essential to describe a wide range of physical phenomena,…
The pressure-induced structural transition in fcc C$_{60}$ fullerene by shock compression and rapid quenching is investigated by a semi-empirical tight-binding molecular dynamics simulation, adopting a constant-pressure scheme and a method…
The production of negative ions is of significant interest for applications including mass spectrometry, materials surface processing, and neutral beam injection for magnetic confined fusion. Neutral beam injection sources maximise negative…
Biological soft tissues encountered in clinical and pre-clinical imaging mainly consist of light element atoms, and their composition is nearly uniform with little density variation. Thus, x-ray attenuation imaging suffers from low image…