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Out-of-equilibrium systems continuously generate entropy, with its rate of production being a fingerprint of non-equilibrium conditions. In small-scale dissipative systems subject to thermal noise, fluctuations of entropy production are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-19 Prajwal Padmanabha , Daniel Maria Busiello , Amos Maritan , Deepak Gupta

We present a scheme to evaluate thermodynamic variables for a system coupled to a heat bath under a time-dependent external force using the quasi-static Helmholtz energy from the numerically "exact" hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM).…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-18 Souichi Sakamoto , Yoshitaka Tanimura

As previously demonstrated, the entropy production -- a key quantity characterizing the irreversibility of thermodynamic processes -- is related to generation of correlations between degrees of freedom of the system and its thermal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-29 Krzysztof Ptaszynski , Massimiliano Esposito

One among the most intriguing results coming from the application of statistical mechanics to the study of brain is the understanding that it, as a dynamical system, is inherently out of equilibrium. In the realm of non-equilibrium…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-12-01 Dario Lucente , Giacomo Gradenigo , Luca Salasnich

We study nonequilibrium thermodynamic properties of a driven one-dimensional quantum fluid by combining nonlinear Luttinger liquid theory with the quantum kinetic equation. In particular, we derive an entropy production consistent with the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-09 Edvin G. Idrisov , Thomas L. Schmidt

We discuss fundamental features of the local expression for the entropy production rate of the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics of open systems and its relations to memory effects and the spectrum of the generator of the dynamics. Defining…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Irene Ada Picatoste , Alessandra Colla , Heinz-Peter Breuer

The quantum fluctuations of the entropy production for fermionic systems in the Landauer-Buttiker non-equilibrium steady state are investigated. The probability distribution, governing these fluctuations, is explicitly derived by means of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-11-22 Mihail Mintchev , Luca Santoni , Paul Sorba

We present a method of estimating the rate of entropy production in underdamped dynamics by decomposing it into contributions originating in different non-equilibrium effects. Specifically, a non-zero average velocity, a non-thermal width…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-01 Mario A. Ciampini , Jakob Rieser , Nikolai Kiesel , Andreas Dechant

The entropy production rate of nonequilibrium systems is studied via the Fokker-Planck equation. This approach, based on the entropy production rate equation given by Schnakenberg from a master equation, requires information of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-08-10 Haitao Yu , Jiulin Du

Quantum Neural Networks (QNN) are considered a candidate for achieving quantum advantage in the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum computer (NISQ) era. Several QNN architectures have been proposed and successfully tested on benchmark datasets…

We propose a broadly applicable formalism for the description of coarse grained entropy production in quantum mechanical processes. Our formalism is based on the Husimi transform of the quantum state, which encodes the notion that…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-04-21 Teiji Kunihiro , Berndt Muller , Akira Ohnishi , Andreas Schafer

The entropy produced when a quantum system is driven away from equilibrium can be decomposed in two parts, one related with populations and the other with quantum coherences. The latter is usually based on the so-called relative entropy of…

In light of the dynamical-systems approach to entropy production in repeated quantum measurements, proposed and illustrated in Commun. Math. Phys. 357, 77-123 (2018) [arXiv:1607.00162] and J. Stat. Phys. 182, 44 (2021) [arXiv:2012.03885],…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Tristan Benoist , Noé Cuneo , Vojkan Jakšić , Claude-Alain Pillet

The entanglement production in bipartite quantum systems is studied for initially unentangled product eigenstates of the subsystems, which are assumed to be quantum chaotic. Based on a perturbative computation of the Schmidt eigenvalues of…

For a Markov process the detailed balance condition is equivalent to the time-reversibility of the process. For stochastic differential equations (SDE's) time discretization numerical schemes usually destroy the property of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Markos Katsoulakis , Yannis Pantazis , Luc Rey-Bellet

In this paper we discuss the meaning of the Schnakenberg formula for entropy production in non-equilibrium systems. To this end we consider a non-equilibrium system as part of a larger isolated system which includes the environment. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-09-30 Robert Ziener , Amos Maritan , Haye Hinrichsen

The probability distribution of the total entropy production in the non-equilibrium steady state follows a symmetry relation called the fluctuation theorem. When a certain part of the system is masked or hidden, it is difficult to infer the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-04-29 Deepak Gupta , Sanjib Sabhapandit

We give an explicit entropy production formula for a class of quantum Markov semigroups, arising in the weak coupling limit of a system coupled with reservoirs, whose generators $\mathcal{L}$ are sums of other generators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-18 Franco Fagnola , Rolando Rebolledo

For a closed-loop control system with a digital channel between the sensor and the controller, the notion of invariance entropy quantifies the smallest average rate of information above which a given compact subset of the state space can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-19 Mahendra Singh Tomar , Christoph Kawan , Majid Zamani

In quantum systems, entropy production is typically defined as the quantum relative entropy between two states. This definition provides an upper bound for any flux (of particles, energy, entropy, etc.) of bounded observables, which proves…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-23 Domingos S. P. Salazar