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Related papers: Cross-talk between topological defects in differen…

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We investigate experimentally and numerically the defect configurations emerging when a cholesteric liquid crystal is confined to a spherical shell. We uncover a rich scenario of defect configurations, some of them non-existent in nematic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-09-13 Alexandre Darmon , Michael Benzaquen , Simon Čopar , Olivier Dauchot , Teresa Lopez-Leon

We propose a reaction-diffusion system that converts topological information of an active nematic into chemical signals. We show that a curvature-activated reaction dipole is sufficient for creating a system that dynamically senses topology…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-09 Michael M. Norton , Piyush Grover

Periodic boundary conditions are a common theoretical and computational tool used to emulate effectively infinite domains. However, two-dimensional periodic domains are topologically distinct from the infinite plane, eliciting the question:…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-07 Cody D. Schimming

Defects, and in particular topological defects, are architectural motifs that play a crucial role in natural materials. Here we provide a systematic strategy to introduce such defects in mechanical metamaterials. We first present…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-03-18 Anne S. Meeussen , Erdal C. Oguz , Yair Shokef , Martin van Hecke

The growing interest in active nematics and the emerging evidence of the relevance of topological defects in biology asks for reliable data analysis tools to identify, classify and track such defects in simulation and microscopy data. We…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-02-10 Dennis Wenzel , Michael Nestler , Sebastian Reuther , Maximilian Simon , Axel Voigt

Defect dynamics in a thin active nematic layer is studied by asymptotic matching of solutions in the defect core and the far field. The analysis is facilitated by the correspondence between the 2D nematic and complex scalar field models.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-16 L. M. Pismen

Topological defects are found in a variety of systems, and their existence are robust under perturbations due to their topological nature. Here we introduce a new type of topological defects found in electromagnetic waves: topological spin…

Optics · Physics 2022-10-18 Haiwen Wang , Charles C. Wojcik , Shanhui Fan

When a nematic liquid crystal is confined in a porous medium with strong anchoring conditions, topological defects, called disclinations, are stably formed with numerous possible configurations. Since the energy barriers between them are…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-12 Takeaki Araki

A nematic liquid crystal confined to the surface of a sphere exhibits topological defects of total charge $+2$ due to the topological constraint. In equilibrium, the nematic field forms four $+1/2$ defects, located at the corners of a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-07-22 Yi-Heng Zhang , Markus Deserno , Zhan-Chun Tu

Charge profiles in liquid electrolytes are of crucial importance for applications, such as supercapacitors, fuel cells, batteries, or the self-assembly of particles in colloidal or biological settings. However, creating localised (screened)…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-17 Jeffrey C. Everts , Miha Ravnik

The study of topology in solids is undergoing a renaissance following renewed interest in the properties of ferroic domain walls as well as recent discoveries regarding topological insulators and skyrmionic lattices. Each of these systems…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-03-09 Sinead M. Griffin , Nicola A. Spaldin

Colloids dispersed in nematic liquid crystals form topological composites in which colloid-associated defects mediate interactions while adhering to fundamental topological constraints. Better realising the promise of such materials…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-04-16 Louise C. Head , Yair A. G. Fosado , Davide Marenduzzo , Tyler N. Shendruk

Cultured stem cells have become a standard platform not only for regenerative medicine and developmental biology but also for biophysical studies. Yet, the characterization of cultured stem cells at the level of morphology and macroscopic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-06-23 Kyogo Kawaguchi , Ryoichiro Kageyama , Masaki Sano

There is now growing evidence of the emergence and biological functionality of liquid crystal features, including nematic order and topological defects, in cellular tissues. However, how such features that intrinsically rely on particle…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-02-06 Romain Mueller , Julia Yeomans , Amin Doostmohammadi

Topological defects play a critical role across many fields, mediating phase transitions and macroscopic behaviors as they move through space. Their role as robust information carriers has also generated much attention. However, controlling…

The recent emergence of electromagnetic topological defects has attracted wide interest in fields from topological photonics to deep-subwavelength light-mater interactions. Previously, much of the research has focused on constructing…

Optics · Physics 2023-06-22 Peng Shi , Qiang Zhang , Xiaocong Yuan

Topological defects play a key role in nonequilibrium phase transitions, ranging from birth of the early universe to quantum critical behavior of ultracold atoms. In solids, transient defects are known to generate a variety of hidden orders…

Thermal transport is a fundamental mechanism of energy transfer process quite distinct from wave propagation phenomena. It can be manipulated well beyond the possibilities offered by natural materials with a new generation of artificial…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 Zhoufei Liu , Peng Jin , Min Lei , Chengmeng Wang , Fabio Marchesoni , Jian-Hua Jiang , Jiping Huang

In these lectures, I review cosmological phase transitions and the topological aspects of spontaneous symmetry breaking. I then discuss the formation of walls, strings and monopoles during phase transitions including lattice based studies…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Tanmay Vachaspati

Knots and knotted fields enrich physical phenomena ranging from DNA and molecular chemistry to the vortices of fluid flows and textures of ordered media. Liquid crystals provide an ideal setting for exploring such topological phenomena…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-02-28 Thomas Machon , Gareth P. Alexander