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Colouring problems arising from group-based constructions provide a natural link between combinatorics and algebra, particularly in the study of Cayley graphs and Latin squares. We introduce the notion of colouring bijections of finite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Piotr Grzeszczuk

A \emph{proper $t$-edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a mapping $\alpha: E(G)\rightarrow \{1,\ldots,t\}$ such that all colors are used, and $\alpha(e)\neq \alpha(e^{\prime})$ for every pair of adjacent edges $e,e^{\prime}\in E(G)$. If $\alpha…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Petros A. Petrosyan , Hrant H. Khachatrian

It was conjectured by the third author in about 1973 that every $d$-regular planar graph (possibly with parallel edges) can be $d$-edge-coloured, provided that for every odd set $X$ of vertices, there are at least $d$ edges between $X$ and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-09-07 Maria Chudnovsky , Katherine Edwards , Paul Seymour

We look at colourings of $r$-uniform hypergraphs, focusing our attention on unique colourability and gaps in the chromatic spectrum. The pattern of an edge $E$ in an $r$-uniform hypergraph $H$ whose vertices are coloured is the partition of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-17 Yair Caro , Josef Lauri , Christina Zarb

For graph classes $P_1,...,P_k$, Generalized Graph Coloring is the problem of deciding whether the vertex set of a given graph $G$ can be partitioned into subsets $V_1,...,V_k$ so that $V_j$ induces a graph in the class $P_j$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir E. Alekseev , Alastair Farrugia , Vadim V. Lozin

In this paper, we introduce the notion of $t$-tone edge coloring. A $t$-tone edge $k$-coloring of a graph $G$ assigns to each edge of $G$ a set of $t$ distinct colors from $\{1,\dots,k\}$ such that any two edges at distance $d$ share fewer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Hadeel Al Bazzal

A proper conflict-free colouring of a graph is a colouring of the vertices such that any two adjacent vertices receive different colours, and for every non-isolated vertex $v$, some colour appears exactly once on the neighbourhood of $v$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Chun-Hung Liu , Bruce Reed

It is proved that for integers $b, r$ such that $3 \leq b < r \leq \binom{b+1}{2} - 1$, there exists a red/blue edge-colored graph such that the red degree of every vertex is $r$, the blue degree of every vertex is $b$, yet in the closed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Yair Caro , Josef Lauri , Xandru Mifsud , Raphael Yuster , Christina Zarb

A graph $G$ is called interval colorable if it has a proper edge coloring with colors $1,2,3,\dots$ such that the colors of the edges incident to every vertex of $G$ form an interval of integers. Not all graphs are interval colorable; in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Armen S. Asratian , Carl Johan Casselgren , Petros A. Petrosyan

Given integers $m\le c$ and an exact $c$-coloring of the edges of a complete countably infinite graph (i.e. a coloring that uses exactly $c$ colors), must there be an infinite subgraph that is exactly $m$-colored? Using the Infinite Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-05 Žarko Ranđelović

We prove that any graph $G$ of minimum degree greater than $2k^2-1$ has a $(k+1)$-connected induced subgraph $H$ such that the number of vertices of $H$ that have neighbors outside of $H$ is at most $2k^2-1$. This generalizes a classical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-04 Irena Penev , Stéphan Thomassé , Nicolas Trotignon

We prove the existence of a function $f :\mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{N}$ such that the vertices of every planar graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ can be 3-colored in such a way that each monochromatic component has at most $f(\Delta)$ vertices.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-19 Louis Esperet , Gwenaël Joret

We consider the problem of list edge coloring for planar graphs. Edge coloring is the problem of coloring the edges while ensuring that two edges that are incident receive different colors. A graph is k-edge-choosable if for any assignment…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-03-19 Marthe Bonamy

The colouring defect of a cubic graph is the smallest number of edges left uncovered by any set of three perfect matchings. While $3$-edge-colourable graphs have defect $0$, those that cannot be $3$-edge-coloured (that is, snarks) are known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Ján Karabáš , Edita Máčajová , Roman Nedela , Martin Škoviera

We prove that for every $d\in \mathbb{N}$ and a graph class of bounded expansion $\mathscr{C}$, there exists some $c\in \mathbb{N}$ so that every graph from $\mathscr{C}$ admits a proper coloring with at most $c$ colors satisfying the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-22 Michał Pilipczuk

Call a colouring of a graph \emph{distinguishing} if the only automorphism of this graph which preserves said colouring is the identity. Let $H$ be an arbitrary graph. We say that a graph $G$ is \emph{$H$-free} if $G$ does not contain an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Marcin Stawiski

We introduce a new invariant of a cubic graph - its regular colouring defect - which is defined as the smallest number of edges left uncovered by any collection of three perfect matchings that have no edge in common. This invariant is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Ján Karabáš , Edita Máčajová , Roman Nedela , Martin Škoviera

Hadwiger's famous coloring conjecture states that every $t$-chromatic graph contains a $K_t$-minor. Holroyd [Bull. London Math. Soc. 29, (1997), pp. 139--144] conjectured the following strengthening of Hadwiger's conjecture: If $G$ is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-02 Anders Martinsson , Raphael Steiner

Brooks' Theorem is a fundamental result on graph colouring, stating that the chromatic number of a graph is almost always upper bounded by its maximal degree. Lov\'asz showed that such a colouring may then be computed in linear time when it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-28 Daniel Gonçalves , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta , Amadeus Reinald

Let $G$ be an edge-coloured graph. The minimum colour degree $\delta^c(G)$ of $G$ is the largest integer $k$ such that, for every vertex $v$, there are at least $k$ distinct colours on edges incident to $v$. We say that $G$ is properly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Allan Lo
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