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X-ray spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the analysis of the energy distribution of X-rays from astrophysical sources. It allows for the study of the properties, composition, and physical processes taking place at the site of…
In recent decades, developments in detectors for X-ray imaging have improved dose efficiency. This has been accomplished with for example, structured scintillators such as columnar CsI, or with direct detectors where the X rays are…
Pixel detectors typically display pixel-to-pixel gain variation of a few percent which result in reduced spectroscopic performance. We have developed a calibration method which relies on cross-correlating histograms of many pixel pairs and…
Time-resolved measurements of quantum dynamics are based on the availability of controlled events (e.g. pump and probe pulses) that are shorter in duration than the typical evolution time scale of the dynamical processes to be observed.…
As photon counting detectors are being explored for medical and industrial imaging applications, there is a critical need to understand spectral characteristics of scattered x-ray photons. Scattered radiation is detrimental to x-ray imaging…
Photon number resolving detectors are needed for a variety of applications including linear-optics quantum computing. Here we describe the use of time-multiplexing techniques that allows ordinary single photon detectors, such as silicon…
Detection of templates (e.g., sources) embedded in low-number count Poisson noise is a common problem in astrophysics. Examples include source detection in X-ray images, gamma-rays, UV, neutrinos, and search for clusters of galaxies and…
Recently various laser-chirping schemes have been investigated with the goal of reducing or eliminating ponderomotive line broadening in Compton or Thomson scattering occurring at high laser intensities. As a next level of detail in the…
The next generation of telescopes will acquire terabytes of image data on a nightly basis. Collectively, these large images will contain billions of interesting objects, which astronomers call sources. The astronomers' task is to construct…
Using photoemission intensities and a detection system employed by many groups in the electron spectroscopy community as an example, we have quantitatively characterized and corrected detector non-linearity effects over the full dynamic…
For experiments with high arrival rates, reliable identification of nearly-coincident events can be crucial. For calorimetric measurements to directly measure the neutrino mass such as HOLMES, unidentified pulse pile-ups are expected to be…
The polarization of an X-ray beam that produces electrons with velocity components perpendicular to the beam generates an azimuthal distribution of the ejected electrons. We present methods for simulating and for analyzing the angular…
Low x-ray dose is desirable in x-ray computed tomographic (CT) imaging due to health concerns. But low dose comes with a cost of low signal artifacts such as streaks and low frequency bias in the reconstruction. As a result, low signal…
Laser-based sources of ionizing radiation have attracted a considerable attention in the last years for their broad potential applications. However the stability and robustness of such sources is still an issue that needs to be addressed.…
We demonstrate a new tool for filtering technical and electronic noises from pulses of light, especially relevant for signal processing methods in quantum optics experiments as a means to achieve the shot-noise level and reduce strong…
In high-background or calibration measurements with cryogenic particle detectors, a significant share of the exposure is lost due to pile-up of recoil events. We propose a method for the separation of pile-up events with an LSTM neural…
Increasing peak brightness is beneficial to various applications of Thomson scattering x-ray source. Higher peak brightness of scattered x-ray pulse demands shorter scattering electron beam realized by beam compression in electron…
Accretion-powered X-ray pulsars offer a unique opportunity to study physics under extreme conditions. To fully exploit this potential, the interrelated problems of modelling radiative transport and the dynamical structure of the accretion…
Saturable absorption is a nonlinear effect where a material's ability to absorb light is frustrated due to a high influx of photons and the creation of electron vacancies. Experimentally induced saturable absorption in copper revealed a…
Betatron x-ray emission in laser-plasma accelerators is a promising compact source that may be an alternative to conventional x-ray sources, based on large scale machines. In addition to its potential as a source, precise measurements of…