Related papers: Toward a systems-level view of mitotic checkpoints
Biological systems are often modeled as a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with time-invariant parameters. However, cell signaling events or pharmacological interventions may alter the cellular state and induce multi-mode…
Turnover of regulatory sequence and function is an important part of molecular evolution. But what are the modes of sequence evolution leading to rapid formation and loss of regulatory sites? Here, we show that a large fraction of…
The building of minimal self-reproducing systems with a physical embodiment (generically called protocells) is a great challenge, with implications for both theory and applied sciences. Although the classical view of a living protocell…
Exploring novel strategies for the regulation of axon growth, we introduce a periodic event-triggered control (PETC) to enhance the practical implementation of the associated PDE backstepping control law. Neurological injuries may impair…
Introduction: Nottingham grading system is a major prognostic factor for invasive breast carcinoma (IBC). Its determination requires the evaluation of the mitotic score (MS) which is subject to low intra- and inter-observer reproducibility.…
Phase transitions and critical behavior are crucial issues both in theoretical and experimental neuroscience. We report analytic and computational results about phase transitions and self-organized criticality (SOC) in networks with general…
Sexual reproduction presents significant challenges to formal treatment of evolutionary processes. A starting point for systematic treatments of ecological and evolutionary phenomena has been provided by the gene centered view of evolution…
This paper develops simplified mathematical models describing the mutation-selection balance for the asexual and sexual replication pathways in {\it Saccharomyces cerevisiae}. We assume diploid genomes consisting of two chromosomes, and we…
Using geometrical arguments it is shown that Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) must be confined inside solid tumors under natural situations. Aided by an agent-based model and percolation theory, the probability for a CSC to be at the border of a…
A computational theory and model of the ontogeny and development of bilateral symmetry in multicellular organisms is presented. Understanding the origin and evolution of bilateral organisms requires an understanding of how bilateral…
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) -- which include skeletal stem cells -- are a promising tool in regenerative medicine. However, their heterogeneous and unpredictable in vivo behaviour remains a critical barrier preventing the development…
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly heterogeneous, with five-year survival rates dropping from $\sim$90% in localized disease to $\sim$15% with distant metastases. Disease progression is shaped not only by tumor-intrinsic alterations but also…
Self-evolution methods enhance code generation through iterative "generate-verify-refine" cycles, yet existing approaches suffer from low exploration efficiency, failing to discover solutions with superior complexity within limited budgets.…
In eukaryotes, DNA replication is initiated along each chromosome at multiple sites called replication origins. Locally, each replication origin is "licensed", or specified, at the end of the M and the beginning of G1 phases of the cell…
Cells often exhibit different and stable phenotypes from the same DNA sequence. Robustness and plasticity of such cellular states are controlled by diverse transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms, among them the modification of…
Rapidly dividing tissues, like intestinal crypts, are frequently chosen to investigate the process of tumor initiation, because of their high rate of mutations. To study the interplay between normal and mutant as well as immortal cells in…
Chirally Induced Spin Selectivity (CISS) is a transport phenomenon observed in both linear and non-linear regimes, where the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) acts as the key driver and electron tunneling serves as the dominant mechanism for charge…
Purpose of review: The epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and the generation of Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) are two fundamental aspects contributing to tumor growth, acquisition of resistance to therapy, formation of metastases, and tumor…
In order to fulfill cell proliferation and differentiation through cellular hierarchy, stem cells can undergo either asymmetric or symmetric divisions. Recent studies pay special attention to the effect of different modes of stem cell…
Apoptosis, or genetically programmed cell death, is a crucial cellular process that maintains the balance between life and death in cells. The precise molecular mechanism of apoptosis signaling and how these two pathways are differentially…