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Deploying fiber optics as a last-mile solution in rural areas is not economically viable due to low population density. Nevertheless, providing high-speed internet access in these regions is essential to promote digital inclusion. 5G Fixed…
IAB is an innovative wireless backhaul solution to provide cost-efficient deployment of small cells for successful 5G adoption. Besides, IAB can utilize the same spectrum for access and backhaul purposes. The 3GPP standardized IAB in…
The next generations of mobile networks will be deployed as ultra-dense networks, to match the demand for increased capacity and the challenges that communications in the higher portion of the spectrum (i.e., the mmWave band) introduce.…
In this paper, we study cross-layer optimization of low-power wireless links for reliability-aware applications while considering both the constraints and the non-ideal characteristics of the hardware in Internet-of-things (IoT) devices.…
Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) targets energy harvesting (EH), battery-less devices as a simple connectivity solution for extensive ultra-low-power deployments. These devices typically face intermittent energy availability, making…
With more than 4 billion devices produced in 2020, Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) have become the backbone of the Internet of Things. Bluetooth and BLE mitigate interference in the crowded 2.4 GHz band via Adaptive Frequency…
Resonant Beam Charging (RBC) is the Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology, which can provide high-power, long-distance, mobile, and safe wireless charging for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Supporting multiple IoT devices charging…
Convergence of multiple access technologies is one of the key enablers in providing a diverse set of services to the Fifth Generation (5G) users. Though the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 5G standard defines a common core…
As 5G deployments continue throughout the world, concerns regarding its energy consumption have gained significant traction. This article focuses on radio access networks (RANs) which account for a major portion of the network energy use.…
To allow flexible and cost-efficient network densification and deployment, the integrated access and backhaul (IAB) was recently standardized by the third generation partnership project (3GPP) as part of the fifth-generation new radio…
Energy consumption represents a major part of the operating expenses of mobile network operators. With the densification foreseen with 5G and beyond, energy optimization has become a problem of crucial importance. While energy optimization…
An advanced technology known as a radio frequency identification (RFID) system enables seamless wireless communication between tags and readers. This system operates in what is referred to as a dense reader environment, where readers are…
Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) is the latest IoT connectivity solution presented by the 3GPP. NB-IoT introduces coverage classes and introduces a significant link budget improvement by allowing repeated transmissions by nodes that experience high…
Battery-powered wireless IoT devices are now widely seen in many critical applications. Given the limited battery capacity and inaccessibility to external power recharge, optimizing energy efficiency (EE) plays a vital role in prolonging…
Massive connectivity for Internet of Things applications is expected to challenge the way access reservation protocols are designed in 5G networks. Since the number of devices and their density are envisioned to be orders of magnitude…
Internet of Things (IoT) sustainability may hinge on radio frequency wireless energy transfer (RF-WET). However, energy-efficient charging strategies are still needed, motivating our work. Specifically, this letter proposes a time division…
Spatial domain exploitation through 3D beamforming serves as a critical technology enabler for performance enhancement in the Fifth Generation New Radio (5G NR) specification. This is realized at the gNodeB (gNB) through the integration of…
Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) is a promising technology to charge unattended Internet of Things (IoT) low-power devices remotely. To enable this, in future IoT system, besides the traditional data access points (DAPs) for…
This paper builds stochastic geometry frameworks for analyzing downlink electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure and efficiency in 5G multi-connectivity networks, using 5G E-UTRAN New Radio - Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) configuration as a…
In this letter, we propose an enhanced Access Reservation Protocol (ARP) with a partial preamble transmission (PPT) mechanism for the narrow band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems. The proposed ARP can enhance the ARP performance by…