Related papers: The Land Surface Temperature Synergistic Processor…
Recent advances in increasing the spectroscopic energy resolution in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been achieved by integrating electron spin resonance (ESR) with STM. Here, we demonstrate the design and performance of a…
In real-time and high-resolution Earth observation imagery, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites capture images that are subsequently transmitted to ground to create an updated map of an area of interest. Such maps provide valuable information…
METIS, the Mid-Infrared ELT Imager and Spectrograph, is one of the four first-generation ELT instruments scheduled to see first light in 2028. Its two main science modules are supported by an adaptive optics system featuring a pyramid…
As global climate change intensifies, accurate weather forecasting has become increasingly important, affecting agriculture, energy management, environmental protection, and daily life. This study introduces a hybrid model combining…
The rising temperature is one of the key indicators of a warming climate, and it can cause extensive stress to biological systems as well as built structures. Due to the heat island effect, it is most severe in urban environments compared…
Soil assessment is important for mobile robot planning and navigation on natural and planetary environments. Terramechanic characteristics can be inferred from the thermal behaviour of soils under the influence of sunlight using remote…
Spatial synchronization in roadside scenarios is essential for integrating data from multiple sensors at different locations. Current methods using cascading spatial transformation (CST) often lead to cumulative errors in large-scale…
Accurate soil moisture (SM) estimation is critical for precision agriculture, water resources management and climate monitoring. Yet, existing satellite SM products are too coarse (>1km) for farm-level applications. We present a…
Earth-observing satellite instruments obtain a massive number of observations every day. For example, tens of millions of sea surface temperature (SST) observations on a global scale are collected daily by the Moderate Resolution Imaging…
Local spectral similarity (LSS) algorithm has been developed for detecting homogeneous areas and edges in hyperspectral images (HSIs). The proposed algorithm transforms the 3-D data cube (within a spatial window) into a spectral similarity…
The Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) has measured the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for several stars of types O, B, A, F, and G. These absolute fluxes from the CALSPEC database are fit with a new spectral grid computed…
Flat-field reflects the non-uniformity of the photometric response at the focal plane of an instrument, which uses digital image sensors, such as Charge Coupled Device (CCD) and Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS). This…
In this study, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and optical data are both considered for Earth surface classification. Specifically, the integration of Sentinel-1 (S-1) and Sentinel-2 (S-2) data is carried out through supervised Machine…
Precise fundamental atmospheric stellar parameters and abundance determination of individual elements in stars are important for all stellar population studies. Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (Non-LTE; hereafter NLTE) models are often…
Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks with mega constellations have the potential to provide 5G and beyond services ubiquitously. However, these networks may introduce mutual interference to both satellite and terrestrial networks,…
Environmental monitoring is crucial to our understanding of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. The availability of large-scale spatio-temporal data from sources such as sensors and satellites allows us to develop sophisticated…
High-resolution spatiotemporal simulations effectively capture the complexities of atmospheric plume dispersion in complex terrain. However, their high computational cost makes them impractical for applications requiring rapid responses or…
The Synthetic Theater Operations Research Model (STORM) simulates theater-level conflict and requires inputs about utilization of surveillance satellites to search large geographical areas. We develop a mixed-integer linear optimization…
Earth's temperature variability can be partitioned into internal and externally-forced components. Yet, underlying mechanisms and their relative contributions remain insufficiently understood, especially on decadal to centennial timescales.…
Extreme UltraViolet (EUV) images of the optically-thin solar corona in multiple spectral channels give information on the emission as a function of temperature through differential emission measure (DEM) inversions. The aim of this paper is…