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It is difficult to create robust, reusable, and reactive behaviors for robots that can be easily extended and combined. Frameworks such as Behavior Trees are flexible but difficult to characterize, especially when designing reactions and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Chris Paxton , Nathan Ratliff , Clemens Eppner , Dieter Fox

Behavior Trees (BTs) provide a structured and reactive framework for decision-making, commonly used to switch between sub-controllers based on environmental conditions. Reinforcement Learning (RL), on the other hand, can learn near-optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Finn Rietz , Mart Kartašev , Petter Ögren , Johannes A. Stork

General-purpose robots require diverse repertoires of behaviors to complete challenging tasks in real-world unstructured environments. To address this issue, goal-conditioned reinforcement learning aims to acquire policies that can reach…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Kuan Fang , Patrick Yin , Ashvin Nair , Sergey Levine

Behavior Trees are commonly used to model agents for robotics and games, where constrained behaviors must be designed by human experts in order to guarantee that these agents will execute a specific chain of actions given a specific set of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-06-09 Renato de Pontes Pereira , Paulo Martins Engel

Interpretable policy representations like Behavior Trees (BTs) and Dynamic Motion Primitives (DMPs) enable robot skill transfer from human demonstrations, but each faces limitations: BTs require expert-crafted low-level actions, while DMPs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-14 David Cáceres Domínguez , Erik Schaffernicht , Todor Stoyanov

Trajectory planning in robotics is understood as generating a sequence of joint configurations that will lead a robotic agent, or its manipulator, from an initial state to the desired final state, thus completing a manipulation task while…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Miroslav Cibula , Kristína Malinovská , Matthias Kerzel

We present a novel intrinsically motivated agent that learns how to control the environment in the fastest possible manner by optimizing learning progress. It learns what can be controlled, how to allocate time and attention, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Sebastian Blaes , Marin Vlastelica Pogančić , Jia-Jie Zhu , Georg Martius

In this paper, we show how Behavior Trees that have performance guarantees, in terms of safety and goal convergence, can be extended with components that were designed using machine learning, without destroying those performance guarantees.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Christopher Iliffe Sprague , Petter Ögren

We propose a method for planning motion for robots with actuation uncertainty that incorporates contact with the environment and the compliance of the robot to reliably perform manipulation tasks. Our approach consists of two stages: (1)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Calder Phillips-Grafflin , Dmitry Berenson

Natural language instructions are often abstract and complex, requiring robots to execute multiple subtasks even for seemingly simple queries. For example, when a user asks a robot to prepare avocado toast, the task involves several…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Alexander Leszczynski , Sarah Gillet , Iolanda Leite , Fethiye Irmak Dogan

While individual robots are becoming increasingly capable, with new sensors and actuators, the complexity of expected missions increased exponentially in comparison. To cope with this complexity, heterogeneous teams of robots have become a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Georg Heppner , David Oberacker , Arne Roennau , Rüdiger Dillmann

In this paper we outline the approach of solving special type of navigation tasks for robotic systems, when a coalition of robots (agents) acts in the 2D environment, which can be modified by the actions, and share the same goal location.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-28 Aleksandr I. Panov , Konstantin Yakovlev

Robotic assistance in robot arm teleoperation tasks has recently gained a lot of traction in industrial and domestic environment. A wide variety of input devices is used in such setups. Due to the noise in the input signals (e.g., Brain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Mohamed Behery , Minh Trinh , Christian Brecher , Gerhard Lakemeyer

We propose the Thinker algorithm, a novel approach that enables reinforcement learning agents to autonomously interact with and utilize a learned world model. The Thinker algorithm wraps the environment with a world model and introduces new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Stephen Chung , Ivan Anokhin , David Krueger

Robots must understand their environment from raw sensory inputs and reason about the consequences of their actions in it to solve complex tasks. Behavior Cloning (BC) leverages task-specific human demonstrations to learn this knowledge as…

Robotic systems may frequently come across similar manipulation planning problems that result in similar motion plans. Instead of planning each problem from scratch, it is preferable to leverage previously computed motion plans, i.e.,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Èric Pairet , Constantinos Chamzas , Yvan Petillot , Lydia E. Kavraki

Designers of autonomous agents, whether in physical or virtual environments, need to express nondeterminisim, failure, and parallelism in behaviors, as well as accounting for synchronous coordination between agents. Behavior Trees are a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Chris Martens , Eric Butler , Joseph C. Osborn

This paper proposes the Real-Time Fast Marching Tree (RT-FMT), a real-time planning algorithm that features local and global path generation, multiple-query planning, and dynamic obstacle avoidance. During the search, RT-FMT quickly looks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Jefferson Silveira , Kleber Cabral , Sidney Givigi , Joshua A. Marshall

To solve multi-step manipulation tasks in the real world, an autonomous robot must take actions to observe its environment and react to unexpected observations. This may require opening a drawer to observe its contents or moving an object…

Behavior trees (BTs) emerged from video game development as a graphical language for modeling intelligent agent behavior. BTs have several properties which are attractive for modeling medical procedures including human-readability,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-01-25 Blake Hannaford