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When dealing with linear temporal logic properties in the setting of e.g. games or probabilistic systems, one often needs to express them as deterministic omega-automata. In order to translate LTL to deterministic omega-automata, the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Jan Křetínský , Javier Esparza

Deciding formulas mixing arithmetic and uninterpreted predicates is of practical interest, notably for applications in verification. Some decision procedures consist in building by structural induction an automaton that recognizes the set…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Bernard Boigelot , Pascal Fontaine , Baptiste Vergain

A predicate linear temporal logic LTL_{\lambda,=} without quantifiers but with predicate abstraction mechanism and equality is considered. The models of LTL_{\lambda,=} can be naturally seen as the systems of pebbles (flexible constants)…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Alexei Lisitsa , Igor Potapov

Formal properties represent a cornerstone of the system-correctness proofs based on formal verification techniques such as model checking. Formalizing requirements into temporal properties may be very complex and error prone, due not only…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-09-08 Stefano Tonetta

We contribute to the refined understanding of the language-logic-algebra interplay in the context of first-order properties of countable words. We establish decidable algebraic characterizations of one variable fragment of FO as well as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Bharat Adsul , Saptarshi Sarkar , A. V. Sreejith

Temporal logics are widely used by the Formal Methods and AI communities. Linear Temporal Logic is a popular temporal logic and is valued for its ease of use as well as its balance between expressiveness and complexity. LTL is equivalent in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Kevin W. Smith , Moshe Y. Vardi

Automata over infinite words, also known as omega-automata, play a key role in the verification and synthesis of reactive systems. The spectrum of omega-automata is defined by two characteristics: the acceptance condition (e.g. B\"uchi or…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Rayna Dimitrova , Bernd Finkbeiner , Hazem Torfah

This paper introduces time window temporal logic (TWTL), a rich expressivity language for describing various time bounded specifications. In particular, the syntax and semantics of TWTL enable the compact representation of serial tasks,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Derya Aksaray , Calin Belta

In this paper we consider the specification and verification of infinite-state systems using temporal logic. In particular, we describe parameterised systems using a new variety of first-order temporal logic that is both powerful enough for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Clare Dixon , Michael Fisher , Boris Konev , Alexei Lisitsa

Linear temporal logic (LTL) is a compelling framework for specifying complex, structured tasks for reinforcement learning (RL) agents. Recent work has shown that interpreting LTL instructions as finite automata, which can be seen as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Mattia Giuri , Mathias Jackermeier , Alessandro Abate

Linear temporal logic (LTL) is a specification language for finite sequences (called traces) widely used in program verification, motion planning in robotics, process mining, and many other areas. We consider the problem of learning LTL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Ritam Raha , Rajarshi Roy , Nathanaël Fijalkow , Daniel Neider

Regular cost functions have been introduced recently as an extension to the notion of regular languages with counting capabilities, which retains strong closure, equivalence, and decidability properties. The specificity of cost functions is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Denis Kuperberg

We present a framework for obtaining effective characterizations of simple fragments of future temporal logic (LTL) with the natural numbers as time domain. The framework is based on a form of strongly unambiguous automata, also known as…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Preugschat Sebastian , Thomas Wilke

Linear temporal logic was introduced in order to reason about reactive systems. It is often considered with respect to infinite words, to specify the behaviour of long-running systems. One can consider more general models for linear time,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-01-11 Julien Cristau

We study Linear Temporal Logic Modulo Theories over Finite Traces (LTLfMT), a recently introduced extension of LTL over finite traces (LTLf) where propositions are replaced by first-order formulas and where first-order variables referring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Luca Geatti , Alessandro Gianola , Nicola Gigante , Sarah Winkler

Extended Bounded Response LTL with Past (LTLEBR+P) is a safety fragment of Linear Temporal Logic with Past (LTL+P) that has been recently introduced in the context of reactive synthesis. The strength of LTLEBR+P is a fully symbolic…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Alessandro Cimatti , Luca Geatti , Nicola Gigante , Angelo Montanari , Stefano Tonetta

We study multi-task reinforcement learning (RL), a setting in which an agent learns a single, universal policy capable of generalising to arbitrary, possibly unseen tasks. We consider tasks specified as linear temporal logic (LTL) formulae,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Alessandro Abate , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Mathias Jackermeier , Jan Kretínský , Maximilian Prokop , Christoph Weinhuber

A data word is a sequence of pairs of a letter from a finite alphabet and an element from an infinite set, where the latter can only be compared for equality. To reason about data words, linear temporal logic is extended by the freeze…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-04-03 Stephane Demri , Ranko Lazic

Since the 1970s with the work of McNaughton, Papert and Sch\"utzenberger, a regular language is known to be definable in the first-order logic if and only if its syntactic monoid is aperiodic. This algebraic characterisation of a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Dhruv Nevatia , Benjamin Monmege

We introduce a novel logic for the specification of context-free hyperproperties, which capture, e.g., the flow of information in security-critical recursive systems. Intuitively, the logic extends visibly pushdown automata by…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Sarah Winter , Martin Zimmermann