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One way to interpret the reasoning power of transformer-based language models is to describe the types of logical rules they can resolve over some input text. Recently, Chiang et al. (2023) showed that finite-precision transformers can be…
We prove that, paying a polynomial increase in size only, every unrestricted two-way nondeterministic finite automaton (2NFA) can be complemented by a 1-limited automaton (1-LA), a nondeterministic extension of 2NFAs still characterizing…
Verification of temporal logic properties plays a crucial role in proving the desired behaviors of hybrid systems. In this paper, we propose an interval method for verifying the properties described by a bounded linear temporal logic. We…
We introduce hypernode automata as a new specification formalism for hyperproperties of concurrent systems. They are finite automata with nodes labeled with hypernode logic formulas and transitions labeled with actions. A hypernode logic…
Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as an efficient method of choice for solving complex sequential decision making problems in automatic control, computer science, economics, and biology. In this paper we present a model-free RL…
This paper introduces LTLF, a temporal logic designed to express the frequency properties of event series in a natural but rigorous manner. By introducing novel, measure-sensitive operators, LTLF allows for the evaluation of frequencies and…
Temporal Logic (TL) can be used to rigorously specify complex high-level specification for systems in many engineering applications. The translation between natural language (NL) and TL has been under-explored due to the lack of dataset and…
This paper studies the complexity of operations on finite automata and the complexity of their decision problems when the alphabet is unary. Let $n$ denote the maximum of the number of states of the input finite automata considered in the…
We address the problem of learning human-interpretable descriptions of a complex system from a finite set of positive and negative examples of its behavior. In contrast to most of the recent work in this area, which focuses on descriptions…
In many real-world applications of control system and robotics, linear temporal logic (LTL) is a widely-used task specification language which has a compositional grammar that naturally induces temporally extended behaviours across tasks,…
We propose a novel logic, called Frame Logic (FL), that extends first-order logic (with recursive definitions) using a construct Sp(.) that captures the implicit supports of formulas -- the precise subset of the universe upon which their…
Arguably, omega-regular languages play an important role as a specification formalism in many approaches to systems monitoring via runtime verification. However, since their elements are infinite words, not every omega-regular language can…
We continue the investigation of parameterized extensions of Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) that retain the attractive algorithmic properties of LTL: a polynomial space model checking algorithm and a doubly-exponential time algorithm for…
We introduce improvements in the algorithm by Gastin and Oddoux translating LTL formulae into B\"uchi automata via very weak alternating co-B\"uchi automata and generalized B\"uchi automata. Several improvements are based on specific…
Metric Temporal Logic (MTL) and Timed Propositional Temporal Logic (TPTL) are prominent extensions of Linear Temporal Logic to specify properties about data languages. In this paper, we consider the class of data languages of non-monotonic…
A locally testable language L is a language with the property that for some non negative integer k, called the order or the level of local testable, whether or not a word u in the language L depends on (1) the prefix and the suffix of the…
In modern machine (ML) learning systems, Transformer-based architectures have achieved milestone success across a broad spectrum of tasks, yet understanding their operational mechanisms remains an open problem. To improve the transparency…
It is well known that MTL with integer endpoints is unable to express all of monadic first-order logic of order and metric (FO(<,+1)). Indeed, MTL is unable to express the counting modalities $C_n$ that assert a properties holds $n$ times…
The idea of automatic synthesis of reactive programs starting from temporal logic (LTL) specifications is quite old, but was commonly thought to be infeasible due to the known double exponential complexity of the problem. However, new ideas…
We propose a formalism to model and reason about reconfigurable multi-agent systems. In our formalism, agents interact and communicate in different modes so that they can pursue joint tasks; agents may dynamically synchronize, exchange…