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Models of relativistic heavy ion collisions typically involve both a hydrodynamic module to describe the high density liquid-like phase and a Boltzmann module to simulate the low density break-up phase which is gas-like. Coupling the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-10-27 Scott Pratt , Giorgio Torrieri

We develop a new dynamical model for high energy heavy-ion collisions in the beam energy region of the highest net-baryon densities on the basis of non-equilibrium microscopic transport model JAM and macroscopic 3+1D hydrodynamics by…

Using 3+1D viscous relativistic fluid dynamics, we show that electromagnetic probes are sensitive to the initial conditions and to the out-of-equilibrium features of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Within the same approach, we find that…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-10-28 Gojko Vujanovic , Jean-Francois Paquet , Gabriel S. Denicol , Matthew Luzum , Bjoern Schenke , Sangyong Jeon , Charles Gale

In this work, we briefly review the progress made in the formulation of hydrodynamics with spin with emphasis on the application to the relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In particular, we discuss the formulation of hydrodynamics with spin…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-04-29 Samapan Bhadury , Jitesh Bhatt , Amaresh Jaiswal , Avdhesh Kumar

For a complete understanding of the QCD phase diagram it is important to connect first-principle thermodynamic calculations to experimental data from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan and the future experimental facilities FAIR, GSI, and NICA,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-10-29 Marlene Nahrgang

Basic problems of the semiclassical microscopic modelling of strongly interactingsystems are discussed within the framework of Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD). This model allows to study the influence of several types of nucleonic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 C. Hartnack , Rajeev K. Puri , J. Aichelin , J. Konopka , S. A. Bass , H. Stoecker , W. Greiner

Evolution process could be calculated from the relativistic hydrodynamic equation with certain estimated initial conditions about a single spherical fireball here. So one could estimate a kind of initial condition qualitatively with a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Hong Miao , Zhongbiao Ma , Chongshou Gao

We discuss a number of prominent theoretical challenges in the physics of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, and review some recent attempts to tackle them. These examples cover most stages of the collision process, but emphasis is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-11-05 Aleksi Vuorinen

We discuss recent theoretical developments in understanding the early pre-equilibrium dynamics and onset of hydrodynamic behavior in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. We highlight possible experimental signatures of the pre-equilibrium…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-09 Soeren Schlichting

We present a realistic treatment of the hydrodynamic evolution of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, based on the following features: initial conditions obtained from a flux tube approach, compatible with the string model and the color…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-03-14 K. Werner , Iu. Karpenko , T. Pierog , M. Bleicher , K. Mikhailov

We highlight some connections between the final state hadronic observables and the initial conditions using a recently found new exact family of solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics. These relations provide explicit examples of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-06-24 G. Kasza , T. Csorgo

Theoretical studies of the production of real thermal photons in relativistic heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are performed. The space-time evolution of the colliding system is modelled using MUSIC, a 3+1D…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-19 Maxime Dion , Jean-Francois Paquet , Bjoern Schenke , Clint Young , Sangyong Jeon , Charles Gale

A hybrid (hydrodynamics + hadronic transport) theoretical framework is assembled to model the bulk dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies accessible in the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-07-26 Gabriel S. Denicol , Charles Gale , Sangyong Jeon , Akihiko Monnai , Björn Schenke , Chun Shen

We simulate the space-time dynamics of high-energy collisions based on a microscopic kinetic description, in order to determine the range of applicability of an effective description in relativistic viscous hydrodynamics. We find that…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-07-18 Victor E. Ambruş , Sören Schlichting , Clemens Werthmann

We present recent results on bulk observables and electromagnetic probes obtained using a hybrid approach based on the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics transport model with an intermediate hydrodynamic stage for the description…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-20 E. Santini , B. Bäuchle , H. Petersen , J. Steinheimer , M. Nahrgang , M. Bleicher

We review the phenomenology and theory of bulk observables in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, focussing on recent developments involving event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of a heavy ion collision, and how they…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-06-03 Matthew Luzum , Hannah Petersen

The event topology in relativistic heavy ion collisions is determined by various multi-particle production mechanisms. The simultaneous model treatment of different collective nuclear effects at high energies (such as a hard multi-parton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-03-23 I. P. Lokhtin , A. V. Belyaev , L. V. Malinina , S. V. Petrushanko , A. M. Snigirev , I. Arsene , E. E. Zabrodin

The fluid-dynamical modeling of a nuclear collision at high energy usually starts shortly after the collision. A major source of uncertainty comes from the detailed modeling of the initial state. While the collision itself likely involves…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-12-22 Andreas Kirchner , Federica Capellino , Eduardo Grossi , Stefan Floerchinger

Beam energy scan programs in heavy-ion collisions aim to explore the QCD phase structure at high baryon density. Sensitive observables are applied to probe the signatures of the QCD phase transition and critical point in heavy-ion…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2016-10-06 Xiaofeng Luo

We show how the measurement of appropriately constructed particle-energy/momentum correlations allows access to the bulk viscosity of strongly interacting hadron matter in heavy ion collisions. This measurement can be performed by the LHC…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-27 Antonio Dobado , Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada , Juan M. Torres-Rincon