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Granting information privacy is of crucial importance in our society, notably in fiber communication networks. Quantum cryptography provides a unique means to establish, at remote locations, identical strings of genuine random bits, with a…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is an innovative quantum communications protocol which exploits the laws of quantum mechanics to generate unconditionally secure cryptographic keying material between two geographically separated parties. The…

Several quantum protocols for data security having been proposed and, in general, they have different optical implementations. However, for the implementation of quantum protocols in optical networks, it is highly advantageous if the same…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-30 Fábio Alencar Mendonça , Daniel Barbosa de Brito , Rubens Viana Ramos

Advances in highly sensitive detection techniques for classical coherent communication systems have reduced the received signal power requirements to a few photons per bit. At this level one can take advantage of the quantum noise to create…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-23 Rupesh Kumar , Adrian Wonfor , Richard Penty , Tim Spiller , Ian White

The length of a secure link over which a quantum key can be distributed depends on the efficiency and dark-count rate of the detectors used at the receiver. We report on the first demonstration of quantum key distribution using…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) guarantees the security of communication with quantum physics. Most of widely adopted QKD protocols currently encode the key information with binary signal format---qubit, such as the polarization states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-23 Fumin Wang , Pei Zeng , Xiaoli Wang , Hong Gao , Fuli Li , Pei Zhang

Quantum computing represents an emerging threat to the public key infrastructure underlying transport layer security (TLS) widely used in the Internet. This paper describes how QKD symmetric keys can be used with TLS to provide quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Bernardo Huberman , Bob Lund , Jing Wang

We propose a high-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol that employs temporal correlations of entangled photons. The security of the protocol relies on measurements by Alice and Bob in one of two conjugate bases, implemented…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a leading technology for enabling information-theoretic secure communication, with protocols such as BB84 and its variants already deployed in practical field implementations. As QKD evolves from…

We investigate the use of high-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) in wireless access to hybrid quantum classical networks. We study the distribution of d-dimensional time-phase encoded states between an indoor wireless user and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Osama Elmabrok , Mohsen Razavi , Tawfig Eltaif , Khaled A. Alaghbari

Future global quantum communication networks, or quantum Internet, will realize high-rate secure communication and entanglement distribution for large-scale users over long distances. Continuous variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Zhiyue Zuo , Masoud Ghalaii , Stefano Pirandola

Quantum key distribution (QKD) will most likely be an integral part of any practical quantum network in the future. However, not all QKD protocols can be used in today's networks because of the lack of single-photon emitters and noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Nitin Jha , Abhishek Parakh , Mahadevan Subramaniam

We investigate entanglement-based quantum key distribution protocols, with particular emphasis on their efficiency under realistic conditions of satellite quantum communications, where performance is limited by the low power of a received…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Vera Uzunova , Marcin Jarzyna

An application of quantum communications is the transmission of qubits to create shared symmetric encryption keys in a process called Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). Contrary to public-private key encryption, symmetric encryption is safe…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-25 Tom Vergoossen , Robert Bedington , James A Grieve , Alexander Ling

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers the promise of absolutely secure communications. However, proofs of absolute security often assume perfect implementation from theory to experiment. Thus, existing systems may be prone to insidious…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-23 Samuel L. Braunstein , Stefano Pirandola

We present an implementation of the time-frequency (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol realized mainly with standard telecommunication components at 1550 nm. TF-QKD is implemented with modulations in time and frequency, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Jasper Rödiger , Nicolas Perlot , Oliver Benson , Ronald Freund

We demonstrated for the first time quantum-safe high-speed 100 Gbps site-to-site IPsec tunnels secured using Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology. The demonstration was conducted between two JPMorgan Chase Data Centers (DCs) in an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 Obada Alia , Albert Huang , Huan Luo , Omar Amer , Marco Pistoia , Charles Lim

We present a composable security proof, valid against arbitrary attacks and including finite-size effects, for a high dimensional time-frequency quantum key distribution (TFQKD) protocol based upon spectrally entangled photons. Previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-30 Nathan Walk , Jonathan Barrett , Joshua Nunn

We propose an unconditionally secure quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, which uses a relatively strong signal pulse. While our protocol shares similar security bases as the Bennett 1992 protocol with a strong reference pulse (B92),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Kiyoshi Tamaki

We consider a subcarrier wave quantum key distribution (QKD) system, where the quantum en- coding is carried by weak sidebands generated to a coherent optical beam by means of an electrooptic phase modulation. We study the security of two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-25 A. V. Kozubov , A. A. Gaidash , A. V. Gleim , G. P. Miroshnichenko , D. B. Horoshko
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