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Most planets currently amenable to transit spectroscopy are close enough to their host star to exhibit a relatively strong day to night temperature gradient. For hot planets, this leads to cause a chemical composition dichotomy between the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-29 William Pluriel , Tiziano Zingales , Jérémy Leconte , Vivien Parmentier

Spectra of exoplanet atmospheres provide us the opportunity to improve our understanding of these objects just as remote sensing in our own solar system has increased our understanding of the solar system bodies. The challenge is to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Michael R. Line , Aaron Wolf , Xi Zhang , Heather Knutson , Joshua Kammer , Elias Ellison , Pieter Deroo , Dave Crisp , Yuk Yung

Accurate estimations of atmospheric properties of exoplanets from transmission spectra require understanding of degeneracies between model parameters and observations that can resolve them. We conduct a systematic investigation of such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-08 Luis Welbanks , Nikku Madhusudhan

The hot Jupiter HD 189733b is probably the best studied of the known extrasolar planets, with published transit and eclipse spectra covering the near UV to mid-IR range. Recent work on the transmission spectrum has shown clear evidence for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Joanna K. Barstow , Suzanne Aigrain , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Till Hackler , Leigh N. Fletcher , Jae-Min Lee , Neale P. Gibson

Multi-wavelength observations/spectroscopy of exoplanetary atmospheres are the basis of the emerging exciting field of comparative exoplanetology. The HR 8799 planetary system is an ideal laboratory to study our current knowledge gap…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Raphael Galicher , Christian Marois , Bruce Macintosh , Travis Barman , Quinn Konopacky

High-resolution spectroscopy (HRS) has grown into one of the main techniques to characterise the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. High spectral resolving power allows for the efficient removal of telluric and host-star contamination.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-15 Ignas Snellen

We present a retrieval method based on Bayesian analysis to infer the atmospheric compositions and surface or cloud-top pressures from transmission spectra of exoplanets with general compositions. In this study, we identify what can…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-28 Bjoern Benneke , Sara Seager

JWST observations are leading to important new insights into exoplanetary atmospheres through transmission spectroscopy. In order to harness the full potential of the broad spectral range and high sensitivity of JWST, atmospheric retrievals…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-11 Savvas Constantinou , Nikku Madhusudhan

We present EOS, a procedure for determining the Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) and top-of-atmosphere (TOA) albedo for a wide range of conditions expected to be present in the atmospheres of rocky planets with temperate conditions. EOS is…

We present an ultrafast opacity calculator that we name HELIOS-K. It takes a line list as an input, computes the shape of each spectral line and provides an option for grouping an enormous number of lines into a manageable number of bins.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-19 Simon L. Grimm , Kevin Heng

Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has the potential to provide precise measurements of atmospheric chemical abundances, in particular of hot Jupiters whose large sizes and high temperatures make them conducive to such observations. To…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Arazi Pinhas , Nikku Madhusudhan , Siddharth Gandhi , Ryan J. MacDonald

The characterization of exoplanet atmospheres has proven to be successful using high-resolution spectroscopy. Phase curve observations of hot/ultra-hot Jupiters can reveal their compositions and thermal structures, thereby allowing the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-01 Swaetha Ramkumar , Neale P. Gibson , Stevanus K. Nugroho , Cathal Maguire , Mark Fortune

(Abridged) In recent years, ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy has become a powerful tool for investigating exoplanet atmospheres. It allows the robust identification of molecular species, and it can be applied to both transiting and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-28 M. Brogi , R. J. de Kok , J. L. Birkby , H. Schwarz , I. A. G. Snellen

Interpretations of exoplanetary transmission spectra have been undermined by apparent obscuration due to clouds/hazes. Debate rages on whether weak H$_2$O features seen in exoplanet spectra are due to clouds or inherently depleted oxygen.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-29 Ryan J. MacDonald , Nikku Madhusudhan

Despite recent progress in the spectroscopic characterization of individual exoplanets, the atmospheres of key ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) still lack comprehensive investigations. These include WASP-178b, one of the most irradiated UHJs known…

High resolution spectroscopy (R > 20,000) is currently the only known method to constrain the orbital solution and atmospheric properties of non-transiting hot Jupiters. It does so by resolving the spectral features of the planet into a…

So far, the atmospheres of non-transiting exoplanets remain poorly explored, and the potential of high-resolution spectroscopy for determining key planetary parameters beyond their atmospheric properties has not been fully exploited. We…

The study of exoplanetary atmospheres is key to understand the differences between their physical, chemical and dynamical processes. Up to now, the bulk of atmospheric characterization analysis has been conducted on transiting planets. On…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-22 G. Guilluy , A. Sozzetti , M. Brogi , A. S. Bonomo , P. Giacobbe , R. Claudi , S. Benatti

HD 209458b is the prototypical hot Jupiter and one of the best targets available for precise atmosphere characterisation. Now that spectra from both Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) are available, we can…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-13 N. Bachmann , L. Kreidberg , P. Mollière , D. Deming , S. -M. Tsai

We present the open-source Bayesian Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (BART) retrieval package, which produces estimates and uncertainties for an atmosphere's thermal profile and chemical abundances from observations. Several BART components…