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CMB-S4---the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment---is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-12 S4 Collaboration , Kevork Abazajian , Graeme E. Addison , Peter Adshead , Zeeshan Ahmed , Daniel Akerib , Aamir Ali , Steven W. Allen , David Alonso , Marcelo Alvarez , Mustafa A. Amin , Adam Anderson , Kam S. Arnold , Peter Ashton , Carlo Baccigalupi , Debbie Bard , Denis Barkats , Darcy Barron , Peter S. Barry , James G. Bartlett , Ritoban Basu Thakur , Nicholas Battaglia , Rachel Bean , Chris Bebek , Amy N. Bender , Bradford A. Benson , Federico Bianchini , Colin A. Bischoff , Lindsey Bleem , James J. Bock , Sebastian Bocquet , Kimberly K. Boddy , J. Richard Bond , Julian Borrill , François R. Bouchet , Thejs Brinckmann , Michael L. Brown , Sean Bryan , Victor Buza , Karen Byrum , Carlos Hervias Caimapo , Erminia Calabrese , Victoria Calafut , Robert Caldwell , John E. Carlstrom , Julien Carron , Thomas Cecil , Anthony Challinor , Clarence L. Chang , Yuji Chinone , Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho , Asantha Cooray , Will Coulton , Thomas M. Crawford , Abigail Crites , Ari Cukierman , Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine , Tijmen de Haan , Jacques Delabrouille , Mark Devlin , Eleonora Di Valentino , Marion Dierickx , Matt Dobbs , Shannon Duff , Jo Dunkley , Cora Dvorkin , Joseph Eimer , Tucker Elleflot , Josquin Errard , Thomas Essinger-Hileman , Giulio Fabbian , Chang Feng , Simone Ferraro , Jeffrey P. Filippini , Raphael Flauger , Brenna Flaugher , Aurelien A. Fraisse , Andrei Frolov , Nicholas Galitzki , Patricio A. Gallardo , Silvia Galli , Ken Ganga , Martina Gerbino , Vera Gluscevic , Neil Goeckner-Wald , Daniel Green , Daniel Grin , Evan Grohs , Riccardo Gualtieri , Jon E. Gudmundsson , Ian Gullett , Nikhel Gupta , Salman Habib , Mark Halpern , Nils W. Halverson , Shaul Hanany , Kathleen Harrington , Masaya Hasegawa , Matthew Hasselfield , Masashi Hazumi , Katrin Heitmann , Shawn Henderson , Brandon Hensley , Charles Hill , J. Colin Hill , Renée Hlozek , Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho , Thuong Hoang , Gil Holder , William Holzapfel , John Hood , Johannes Hubmayr , Kevin M. Huffenberger , Howard Hui , Kent Irwin , Oliver Jeong , Bradley R. Johnson , William C. Jones , Jae Hwan Kang , Kirit S. Karkare , Nobuhiko Katayama , Reijo Keskitalo , Theodore Kisner , Lloyd Knox , Brian J. Koopman , Arthur Kosowsky , John Kovac , Ely D. Kovetz , Steve Kuhlmann , Chao-lin Kuo , Akito Kusaka , Anne Lähteenmäki , Charles R. Lawrence , Adrian T. Lee , Antony Lewis , Dale Li , Eric Linder , Marilena Loverde , Amy Lowitz , Phil Lubin , Mathew S. Madhavacheril , Adam Mantz , Gabriela Marques , Frederick Matsuda , Philip Mauskopf , Heather McCarrick , Jeffrey McMahon , P. Daniel Meerburg , Jean-Baptiste Melin , Felipe Menanteau , Joel Meyers , Marius Millea , Joseph Mohr , Lorenzo Moncelsi , Maria Monzani , Tony Mroczkowski , Suvodip Mukherjee , Johanna Nagy , Toshiya Namikawa , Federico Nati , Tyler Natoli , Laura Newburgh , Michael D. Niemack , Haruki Nishino , Brian Nord , Valentine Novosad , Roger O'Brient , Stephen Padin , Steven Palladino , Bruce Partridge , Don Petravick , Elena Pierpaoli , Levon Pogosian , Karthik Prabhu , Clement Pryke , Giuseppe Puglisi , Benjamin Racine , Alexandra Rahlin , Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao , Marco Raveri , Christian L. Reichardt , Mathieu Remazeilles , Graca Rocha , Natalie A. Roe , Anirban Roy , John E. Ruhl , Maria Salatino , Benjamin Saliwanchik , Emmanuel Schaan , Alessandro Schillaci , Benjamin Schmitt , Marcel M. Schmittfull , Douglas Scott , Neelima Sehgal , Sarah Shandera , Blake D. Sherwin , Erik Shirokoff , Sara M. Simon , Anze Slosar , David Spergel , Tyler St. Germaine , Suzanne T. Staggs , Antony Stark , Glenn D. Starkman , Radek Stompor , Chris Stoughton , Aritoki Suzuki , Osamu Tajima , Grant P. Teply , Keith Thompson , Ben Thorne , Peter Timbie , Maurizio Tomasi , Matthieu Tristram , Gregory Tucker , Caterina Umiltà , Alexander van Engelen , Eve M. Vavagiakis , Joaquin D. Vieira , Abigail G. Vieregg , Kasey Wagoner , Benjamin Wallisch , Gensheng Wang , Scott Watson , Ben Westbrook , Nathan Whitehorn , Edward J. Wollack , W. L. Kimmy Wu , Zhilei Xu , H. Y. Eric Yang , Siavash Yasini , Volodymyr G. Yefremenko , Ki Won Yoon , Edward Young , Cyndia Yu , Andrea Zonca

In this follow-up work to the High Energy Physics Community Summer Study 2013 (HEP CSS 2013, a.k.a. Snowmass), we explore the scientific capabilities of a future Stage-IV Cosmic Microwave Background polarization experiment (CMB-S4) under…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-11 W. L. K. Wu , J. Errard , C. Dvorkin , C. L. Kuo , A. T. Lee , P. McDonald , A. Slosar , O. Zahn

The CMB Stage 4 (CMB-S4) experiment is a next-generation, ground-based experiment that will measure the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization to unprecedented accuracy, probing the signature of inflation, the nature of cosmic…

Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation provide a unique opportunity for a direct study of the primordial cosmic plasma at redshift z ~1000. The angular power spectra of temperature and polarisation fluctuations are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marco Bersanelli , Davide Maino , Aniello Mennella

CMB-S4 will map the cosmic microwave background to unprecedented precision, while simultaneously surveying the millimeter-wave time-domain sky, in order to advance our understanding of cosmology and the universe. CMB-S4 will observe from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-04 Darcy R. Barron , Amy N. Bender , Ian E. Birdwell , John E. Carlstrom , Jacques Delabrouille , Sam Guns , John Kovac , Charles R. Lawrence , Scott Paine , Nathan Whitehorn

CMB-S4 -- the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment - will significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and improve our understanding of the origin and evolution of the universe. CMB-S4 will…

We present the conceptual design of the modular detector and readout system for the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 (CMB-S4) ground-based survey experiment. CMB-S4 will map the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the millimeter-wave…

Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) allow high precision observation of the Last Scattering Surface at redshift $z\sim$1100. After the success of the NASA satellite COBE, that in 1992 provided the first detection of the…

Voyage 2050 White Paper highlighting the unique science opportunities using spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). CMB spectral distortions probe many processes throughout the history of the Universe. Precision…

The Simons Observatory (SO) will make precision temperature and polarization measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) over angular scales between 1 arcminute and tens of degrees using over 60,000 detectors and sampling…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-08 Nicholas Galitzki

New telescopes are being built to measure the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) with unprecedented sensitivity, including Simons Observatory (SO), CCAT-prime, the BICEP Array, SPT-3G, and CMB Stage-4. We present observing strategies for…

This Snowmass 2021 White Paper describes the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project CMB-S4, which is designed to cross critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-13 Kevork Abazajian , Arwa Abdulghafour , Graeme E. Addison , Peter Adshead , Zeeshan Ahmed , Marco Ajello , Daniel Akerib , Steven W. Allen , David Alonso , Marcelo Alvarez , Mustafa A. Amin , Mandana Amiri , Adam Anderson , Behzad Ansarinejad , Melanie Archipley , Kam S. Arnold , Matt Ashby , Han Aung , Carlo Baccigalupi , Carina Baker , Abhishek Bakshi , Debbie Bard , Denis Barkats , Darcy Barron , Peter S. Barry , James G. Bartlett , Paul Barton , Ritoban Basu Thakur , Nicholas Battaglia , Jim Beall , Rachel Bean , Dominic Beck , Sebastian Belkner , Karim Benabed , Amy N. Bender , Bradford A. Benson , Bobby Besuner , Matthieu Bethermin , Sanah Bhimani , Federico Bianchini , Simon Biquard , Ian Birdwell , Colin A. Bischoff , Lindsey Bleem , Paulina Bocaz , James J. Bock , Sebastian Bocquet , Kimberly K. Boddy , J. Richard Bond , Julian Borrill , Francois R. Bouchet , Thejs Brinckmann , Michael L. Brown , Sean Bryan , Victor Buza , Karen Byrum , Erminia Calabrese , Victoria Calafut , Robert Caldwell , John E. Carlstrom , Julien Carron , Thomas Cecil , Anthony Challinor , Victor Chan , Clarence L. Chang , Scott Chapman , Eric Charles , Eric Chauvin , Cheng Cheng , Grace Chesmore , Kolen Cheung , Yuji Chinone , Jens Chluba , Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho , Steve Choi , Justin Clancy , Susan Clark , Asantha Cooray , Gabriele Coppi , John Corlett , Will Coulton , Thomas M. Crawford , Abigail Crites , Ari Cukierman , Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine , Wei-Ming Dai , Cail Daley , Eli Dart , Gregorg Daues , Tijmen de Haan , Cosmin Deaconu , Jacques Delabrouille , Greg Derylo , Mark Devlin , Eleonora Di Valentino , Marion Dierickx , Brad Dober , Randy Doriese , Shannon Duff , Daniel Dutcher , Cora Dvorkin , Rolando Dünner , Tarraneh Eftekhari , Joseph Eimer , Hamza El Bouhargani , Tucker Elleflot , Nick Emerson , Josquin Errard , Thomas Essinger-Hileman , Giulio Fabbian , Valentina Fanfani , Alessandro Fasano , Chang Feng , Simone Ferraro , Jeffrey P. Filippini , Raphael Flauger , Brenna Flaugher , Aurelien A. Fraisse , Josef Frisch , Andrei Frolov , Nicholas Galitzki , Patricio A. Gallardo , Silvia Galli , Ken Ganga , Martina Gerbino , Christos Giannakopoulos , Murdock Gilchriese , Vera Gluscevic , Neil Goeckner-Wald , David Goldfinger , Daniel Green , Paul Grimes , Daniel Grin , Evan Grohs , Riccardo Gualtieri , Vic Guarino , Jon E. Gudmundsson , Ian Gullett , Sam Guns , Salman Habib , Gunther Haller , Mark Halpern , Nils W. Halverson , Shaul Hanany , Emma Hand , Kathleen Harrington , Masaya Hasegawa , Matthew Hasselfield , Masashi Hazumi , Katrin Heitmann , Shawn Henderson , Brandon Hensley , Ryan Herbst , Carlos Hervias-Caimapo , J. Colin Hill , Richard Hills , Eric Hivon , Renée Hlozek , Anna Ho , Gil Holder , Matt Hollister , William Holzapfel , John Hood , Selim Hotinli , Alec Hryciuk , Johannes Hubmayr , Kevin M. Huffenberger , Howard Hui , Roberto Ibá nez , Ayodeji Ibitoye , Margaret Ikape , Kent Irwin , Cooper Jacobus , Oliver Jeong , Bradley R. Johnson , Doug Johnstone , William C. Jones , John Joseph , Baptiste Jost , Jae Hwan Kang , Ari Kaplan , Kirit S. Karkare , Nobuhiko Katayama , Reijo Keskitalo , Cesiley King , Theodore Kisner , Matthias Klein , Lloyd Knox , Brian J. Koopman , Arthur Kosowsky , John Kovac , Ely D. Kovetz , Alex Krolewski , Donna Kubik , Steve Kuhlmann , Chao-Lin Kuo , Akito Kusaka , Anne Lähteenmäki , Kenny Lau , Charles R. Lawrence , Adrian T. Lee , Louis Legrand , Matthaeus Leitner , Clément Leloup , Antony Lewis , Dale Li , Eric Linder , Ioannis Liodakis , Jia Liu , Kevin Long , Thibaut Louis , Marilena Loverde , Lindsay Lowry , Chunyu Lu , Phil Lubin , Yin-Zhe Ma , Thomas Maccarone , Mathew S. Madhavacheril , Felipe Maldonado , Adam Mantz , Gabriela Marques , Frederick Matsuda , Philip Mauskopf , Jared May , Heather McCarrick , Ken McCracken , Jeffrey McMahon , P. Daniel Meerburg , Jean-Baptiste Melin , Felipe Menanteau , Joel Meyers , Marius Millea , Vivian Miranda , Don Mitchell , Joseph Mohr , Lorenzo Moncelsi , Maria Elena Monzani , Magdy Moshed , Tony Mroczkowski , Suvodip Mukherjee , Moritz Münchmeyer , Daisuke Nagai , Chandan Nagarajappa , Johanna Nagy , Toshiya Namikawa , Federico Nati , Tyler Natoli , Simran Nerval , Laura Newburgh , Hogan Nguyen , Erik Nichols , Andrina Nicola , Michael D. Niemack , Brian Nord , Tim Norton , Valentine Novosad , Roger O'Brient , Yuuki Omori , Giorgio Orlando , Benjamin Osherson , Rachel Osten , Stephen Padin , Scott Paine , Bruce Partridge , Sanjaykumar Patil , Don Petravick , Matthew Petroff , Elena Pierpaoli , Mauricio Pilleux , Levon Pogosian , Karthik Prabhu , Clement Pryke , Giuseppe Puglisi , Benjamin Racine , Srinivasan Raghunathan , Alexandra Rahlin , Marco Raveri , Ben Reese , Christian L. Reichardt , Mathieu Remazeilles , Arianna Rizzieri , Graca Rocha , Natalie A. Roe , Kaja Rotermund , Anirban Roy , John E. Ruhl , Joe Saba , Noah Sailer , Maria Salatino , Benjamin Saliwanchik , Leonid Sapozhnikov , Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao , Lauren Saunders , Emmanuel Schaan , Alessandro Schillaci , Benjamin Schmitt , Douglas Scott , Neelima Sehgal , Sarah Shandera , Blake D. Sherwin , Erik Shirokoff , Corwin Shiu , Sara M. Simon , Baibhav Singari , Anze Slosar , David Spergel , Tyler St. Germaine , Suzanne T. Staggs , Antony A. Stark , Glenn D. Starkman , Bryan Steinbach , Radek Stompor , Chris Stoughton , Aritoki Suzuki , Osamu Tajima , Chris Tandoi , Grant P. Teply , Gregg Thayer , Keith Thompson , Ben Thorne , Peter Timbie , Maurizio Tomasi , Cynthia Trendafilova , Matthieu Tristram , Carole Tucker , Gregory Tucker , Caterina Umiltà , Alexander van Engelen , Joshiwa van Marrewijk , Eve M. Vavagiakis , Clara Vergès , Joaquin D. Vieira , Abigail G. Vieregg , Kasey Wagoner , Benjamin Wallisch , Gensheng Wang , Guo-Jian Wang , Scott Watson , Duncan Watts , Chris Weaver , Lukas Wenzl , Ben Westbrook , Martin White , Nathan Whitehorn , Andrew Wiedlea , Paul Williams , Robert Wilson , Harrison Winch , Edward J. Wollack , W. L. Kimmy Wu , Zhilei Xu , Volodymyr G. Yefremenko , Cyndia Yu , David Zegeye , Jeff Zivick , Andrea Zonca

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation offers a unique window into the early Universe, facilitating precise examinations of fundamental cosmological theories. However, the quest for detecting B-modes in the CMB, predicted by…

This is a solicited whitepaper for the Snowmass 2021 community planning exercise. The paper focuses on measurements and science with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The CMB is foundational to our understanding of modern physics and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-16 Clarence L. Chang , Kevin M. Huffenberger , Bradford A. Benson , Federico Bianchini , Jens Chluba , Jacques Delabrouille , Raphael Flauger , Shaul Hanany , William C. Jones , Alan J. Kogut , Jeffrey J. McMahon , Joel Meyers , Neelima Sehgal , Sara M. Simon , Caterina Umilta , Kevork N. Abazajian , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yashar Akrami , Adam J. Anderson , Behzad Ansarinejad , Jason Austermann , Carlo Baccigalupi , Denis Barkats , Darcy Barron , Peter S. Barry , Nicholas Battaglia , Eric Baxter , Dominic Beck , Amy N. Bender , Charles Bennett , Benjamin Beringue , Colin Bischoff , Lindsey Bleem , James Bock , Boris Bolliet , J Richard Bond , Julian Borrill , Thejs Brinckmann , Michael L. Brown , Erminia Calabrese , John Carlstrom , Anthony Challinor , Chihway Chang , Yuji Chinone , Susan E. Clark , William Coulton , Ari Cukierman , Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine , Shannon M. Duff , Cora Dvorkin , Alexander van Engelen , Josquin Errard , Johannes R. Eskilt , Thomas Essinger-Hileman , Giulio Fabbian , Chang Feng , Simone Ferraro , Jeffrey Filippini , Katherine Freese , Nicholas Galitzki , Eric Gawiser , Daniel Grin , Daniel Grin , Evan Grohs , Alessandro Gruppuso , Jon E. Gudmundsson , Nils W. Halverson , Jean-Christophe Hamilton , Kathleen Harrington , Sophie Henrot-Versillé , Brandon Hensley , J. Colin Hill , Adam D. Hincks , Renee Hlozek , William Holzapfel , Selim C. Hotinli , Howard Hui , Ayodeji Ibitoye , Matthew Johnson , Bradley R. Johnson , Jae Hwan Kang , Kirit S. Karkare , Lloyd Knox , John Kovac , Kenny Lau , Louis Legrand , Marilena Loverde , Philip Lubin , Yin-Zhe Ma , Tony Mroczkowski , Suvodip Mukherjee , Moritz Münchmeyer , Daisuke Nagai , Johanna Nagy , Michael Niemack , Valentine Novosad , Yuuki Omori , Giorgio Orlando , Zhaodi Pan , Laurence Perotto , Matthew A. Petroff , Levon Pogosian , Clem Pryke , Alexandra Rahlin , Marco Raveri , Christian L. Reichardt , Mathieu Remazeilles , Yoel Rephaeli , John Ruhl , Emmanuel Schaan , Sarah Shandera , Meir Shimon , Ahmed Soliman , Antony A. Stark , Glenn D. Starkman , Radek Stompor , Ritoban Basu Thakur , Cynthia Trendafilova , Matthieu Tristram , Pranjal Trivedi , Gregory Tucker , Eleonora Di Valentino , Joaquin Vieira , Abigail Vieregg , Gensheng Wang , Scott Watson , Lukas Wenzl , Edward J. Wollack , W. L. Kimmy Wu , Zhilei Xu , David Zegeye , Cheng Zhang

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a relict of the early universe. Its perfect 2.725K blackbody spectrum demonstrates that the universe underwent a hot, ionized early phase; its anisotropy (about 80 \mu K rms) provides strong evidence…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Paolo de Bernardis , Silvia Masi

Detecting the imprint of inflationary gravitational waves on the $B$-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is one of the main science cases for current and next-generation CMB experiments. In this work we explore some…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 David Alonso , Joanna Dunkley , Sigurd Naess , Ben Thorne

The polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation carries essential information on early stages of the Universe such as the cosmic inflation, forming cosmological structures through gravitational lensing, and the epoch of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-22 E. Carretti , C. Baccigalupi

Planck, SPT and ACT surveys have clearly demonstrated that Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments, while optimised for cosmological measurements, have made important contributions to the field of extragalactic astrophysics in the…

South Pole Station offers a unique combination of high, dry, stable conditions and well-developed support facilities. Over the past 20 years, a sequence of increasingly sophisticated CMB experiments at Pole have built on the experience of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-07-10 J. M. Kovac , D. Barkats
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