CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves
Abstract
CMB-S4---the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment---is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, the quest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of the experimental design. This work details the development of a forecasting framework that includes a power-spectrum-based semi-analytic projection tool, targeted explicitly towards optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, , in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensing of the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from the achieved performance of current Stage 2--3 CMB experiments to robustly forecast the science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodology allows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers a flexible way to optimize the design of future experiments given a desired scientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semi-analytic tool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection of additional complexity and verification of our forecasts with several independent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts for CMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the current reference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4 experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordial gravitational waves for at greater than , or, in the absence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of at CL.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2008.12619,
title = {CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves},
author = {S4 Collaboration and Kevork Abazajian and Graeme E. Addison and Peter Adshead and Zeeshan Ahmed and Daniel Akerib and Aamir Ali and Steven W. Allen and David Alonso and Marcelo Alvarez and Mustafa A. Amin and Adam Anderson and Kam S. Arnold and Peter Ashton and Carlo Baccigalupi and Debbie Bard and Denis Barkats and Darcy Barron and Peter S. Barry and James G. Bartlett and Ritoban Basu Thakur and Nicholas Battaglia and Rachel Bean and Chris Bebek and Amy N. Bender and Bradford A. Benson and Federico Bianchini and Colin A. Bischoff and Lindsey Bleem and James J. Bock and Sebastian Bocquet and Kimberly K. Boddy and J. Richard Bond and Julian Borrill and François R. Bouchet and Thejs Brinckmann and Michael L. Brown and Sean Bryan and Victor Buza and Karen Byrum and Carlos Hervias Caimapo and Erminia Calabrese and Victoria Calafut and Robert Caldwell and John E. Carlstrom and Julien Carron and Thomas Cecil and Anthony Challinor and Clarence L. Chang and Yuji Chinone and Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho and Asantha Cooray and Will Coulton and Thomas M. Crawford and Abigail Crites and Ari Cukierman and Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine and Tijmen de Haan and Jacques Delabrouille and Mark Devlin and Eleonora Di Valentino and Marion Dierickx and Matt Dobbs and Shannon Duff and Jo Dunkley and Cora Dvorkin and Joseph Eimer and Tucker Elleflot and Josquin Errard and Thomas Essinger-Hileman and Giulio Fabbian and Chang Feng and Simone Ferraro and Jeffrey P. Filippini and Raphael Flauger and Brenna Flaugher and Aurelien A. Fraisse and Andrei Frolov and Nicholas Galitzki and Patricio A. Gallardo and Silvia Galli and Ken Ganga and Martina Gerbino and Vera Gluscevic and Neil Goeckner-Wald and Daniel Green and Daniel Grin and Evan Grohs and Riccardo Gualtieri and Jon E. Gudmundsson and Ian Gullett and Nikhel Gupta and Salman Habib and Mark Halpern and Nils W. Halverson and Shaul Hanany and Kathleen Harrington and Masaya Hasegawa and Matthew Hasselfield and Masashi Hazumi and Katrin Heitmann and Shawn Henderson and Brandon Hensley and Charles Hill and J. Colin Hill and Renée Hlozek and Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho and Thuong Hoang and Gil Holder and William Holzapfel and John Hood and Johannes Hubmayr and Kevin M. Huffenberger and Howard Hui and Kent Irwin and Oliver Jeong and Bradley R. Johnson and William C. Jones and Jae Hwan Kang and Kirit S. Karkare and Nobuhiko Katayama and Reijo Keskitalo and Theodore Kisner and Lloyd Knox and Brian J. Koopman and Arthur Kosowsky and John Kovac and Ely D. Kovetz and Steve Kuhlmann and Chao-lin Kuo and Akito Kusaka and Anne Lähteenmäki and Charles R. Lawrence and Adrian T. Lee and Antony Lewis and Dale Li and Eric Linder and Marilena Loverde and Amy Lowitz and Phil Lubin and Mathew S. Madhavacheril and Adam Mantz and Gabriela Marques and Frederick Matsuda and Philip Mauskopf and Heather McCarrick and Jeffrey McMahon and P. Daniel Meerburg and Jean-Baptiste Melin and Felipe Menanteau and Joel Meyers and Marius Millea and Joseph Mohr and Lorenzo Moncelsi and Maria Monzani and Tony Mroczkowski and Suvodip Mukherjee and Johanna Nagy and Toshiya Namikawa and Federico Nati and Tyler Natoli and Laura Newburgh and Michael D. Niemack and Haruki Nishino and Brian Nord and Valentine Novosad and Roger O'Brient and Stephen Padin and Steven Palladino and Bruce Partridge and Don Petravick and Elena Pierpaoli and Levon Pogosian and Karthik Prabhu and Clement Pryke and Giuseppe Puglisi and Benjamin Racine and Alexandra Rahlin and Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao and Marco Raveri and Christian L. Reichardt and Mathieu Remazeilles and Graca Rocha and Natalie A. Roe and Anirban Roy and John E. Ruhl and Maria Salatino and Benjamin Saliwanchik and Emmanuel Schaan and Alessandro Schillaci and Benjamin Schmitt and Marcel M. Schmittfull and Douglas Scott and Neelima Sehgal and Sarah Shandera and Blake D. Sherwin and Erik Shirokoff and Sara M. Simon and Anze Slosar and David Spergel and Tyler St. Germaine and Suzanne T. Staggs and Antony Stark and Glenn D. Starkman and Radek Stompor and Chris Stoughton and Aritoki Suzuki and Osamu Tajima and Grant P. Teply and Keith Thompson and Ben Thorne and Peter Timbie and Maurizio Tomasi and Matthieu Tristram and Gregory Tucker and Caterina Umiltà and Alexander van Engelen and Eve M. Vavagiakis and Joaquin D. Vieira and Abigail G. Vieregg and Kasey Wagoner and Benjamin Wallisch and Gensheng Wang and Scott Watson and Ben Westbrook and Nathan Whitehorn and Edward J. Wollack and W. L. Kimmy Wu and Zhilei Xu and H. Y. Eric Yang and Siavash Yasini and Volodymyr G. Yefremenko and Ki Won Yoon and Edward Young and Cyndia Yu and Andrea Zonca},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2008.12619},
year = {2023}
}
Comments
24 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables, submitted to ApJ. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.04473