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Consider the complete n-vertex graph whose edge-lengths are independent exponentially distributed random variables. Simultaneously for each pair of vertices, put a constant flow between them along the shortest path. Each edge gets some…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-08-06 David J. Aldous , Shankar Bhamidi

Let $G$ be a finite, simple connected graph. The average distance of a vertex $v$ of $G$ is the arithmetic mean of the distances from $v$ to all other vertices of $G$. The remoteness $\rho(G)$ of $G$ is the maximum of the average distances…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-27 Peter Dankelmann , Sonwabile Mafunda , Sufiyan Mallu

There has been much recent interest in random graphs sampled uniformly from the n-vertex graphs in a suitable structured class, such as the class of all planar graphs. Here we consider a general 'bridge-addable' class of graphs - if a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-02 Colin McDiarmid

We determine, up to a multiplicative constant, the optimal number of random edges that need to be added to a $k$-graph $H$ with minimum vertex degree $\Omega(n^{k-1})$ to ensure an $F$-factor with high probability, for any $F$ that belongs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-24 Yulin Chang , Jie Han , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Patrick Morris , Guilherme Oliveira Mota

We study the probabilistic properties of the Greatest Increase Grid (GIG) digraph. We compute the probability of a particular sequence of directed edges connecting two random vertices. We compute the joint probability that a set of vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-21 Chuhan Guo , Laurie J. Heyer , Jeffrey L. Poet

Let $G$ be a $d$-regular graph on $n$ vertices. Frieze, Gould, Karo\'nski and Pfender began the study of the following random spanning subgraph model $H=H(G)$. Assign independently to each vertex $v$ of $G$ a uniform random number $x(v) \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-28 Jacob Fox , Sammy Luo , Huy Tuan Pham

We consider, for every positive integer $a$, probability distributions on subsets of vertices of a graph with the property that every vertex belongs to the random set sampled from this distribution with probability at most $1/a$. Among…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-31 Zdeněk Dvořák , Jean-Sébastien Sereni

Using probabilistic methods, we obtain grid-drawings of graphs without crossings with low volume and small aspect ratio. We show that every $D$-degenerate graph on $n$ vertices can be drawn in $[m]^3$ where $m^3 = O(D^2 n\log n)$. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Jozsef Balogh , Ethan Patrick White

Given a graph $H$, we investigate the $d$-regular graphs $G$ with the highest $H$-density. We reframe the problem as a continuous optimization problem on the eigenvalues of $G$ by relating injective homomorphism numbers from $H$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Gabor Lippner , Arturo Ortiz San Miguel

The point-thickness $\theta'(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of subsets into which the vertex set $V(G)$ of $G$ is partitioned such that each subset induces a planar subgraph. In this paper, we determine the point-thickness of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Wenzhong Liu , Wangkai Zhang

We consider the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi evolution of random graphs, where a new uniformly distributed edge is added to the graph in every step. For every fixed $d\ge 1$, we show that with high probability, the graph becomes rigid in $\mathbb R^d$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-14 Alan Lew , Eran Nevo , Yuval Peled , Orit E. Raz

The longstanding Nash-Williams conjecture asserts that every $K_3$-divisible graph $G$ with $\delta(G)\ge 3n/4$ admits a triangle decomposition. In the random setting, Frankl and R\"odl showed that, with high probability, $G(n,p)$ contains…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Xinbu Cheng , Hong Liu , Lanchao Wang , Zhifei Yan

We determine all possible triples of depth, dimension, and regularity of edge ideals of weighted oriented graphs with a fixed number of vertices. Also, we compute all the possible Betti table sizes of edge ideals of weighted oriented trees…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Trung Chau , Richie Sheng , Deborah Wooton

We prove that, for every set of $n$ points $\mathcal{P}$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$, a random plane graph drawn on $\mathcal{P}$ is expected to contain less than $n/10.18$ isolated vertices. In the other direction, we construct a point set where the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-14 Neely Lovvorn , Oscar Murillo-Espinoza , Adam Sheffer

In the sufficiently sparse case, we find the probability that a uniformly random bipartite graph with given degree sequence contains no edge from a specified set of edges. This enables us to enumerate loop-free digraphs and oriented graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Catherine Greenhill , Mahdieh Hasheminezhad , Isaiah Iliffe , Brendan D. McKay

Let $P$ be a set of $n\geq 3$ points in general position in the plane. The edge disjointness graph $D(P)$ of $P$ is the graph whose vertices are all the closed straight line segments with endpoints in $P$, two of which are adjacent in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 J. Leaños , Christophe Ndjatchi , L. M. Ríos-Castro

The genus of a graph is a topological invariant that measures the minimum genus of a surface on which the graph can be embedded without any edges crossing. Graph genus plays a fundamental role in topological graph theory, used to classify…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Lucas Blakeslee

In this paper we consider the problem of embedding almost-spanning, bounded degree graphs in a random graph. In particular, let $\Delta\geq 5$, $\varepsilon > 0$ and let $H$ be a graph on $(1-\varepsilon)n$ vertices and with maximum degree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Asaf Ferber , Kyle Luh , Oanh Nguyen

Let $G$ be a tripartite graph with $N$ vertices in each vertex class. If each vertex is adjacent to at least $(2/3)N$ vertices in each of the other classes, then either $G$ contains a subgraph that consists of $N$ vertex-disjoint triangles…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-24 Csaba Magyar , Ryan R. Martin

Let $\G(v,e)$ be the set of all simple graphs with $v$ vertices and $e$ edges and let $P_2(G)=\sum d_i^2$ denote the sum of the squares of the degrees, $d_1, >..., d_v$, of the vertices of $G$. It is known that the maximum value of $P_2(G)$…