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Computed Tomography (CT) is widely used in healthcare for detailed imaging. However, Low-dose CT, despite reducing radiation exposure, often results in images with compromised quality due to increased noise. Traditional methods, including…
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been widely used to obtain quantitative elemental composition of imaged subjects for personalized and precise medical diagnosis. Compared with DECT leveraging advanced X-ray source and/or detector…
Deep learning based approaches have been used to improve image quality in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), a medical imaging technique often used in applications such as image-guided radiation therapy, implant dentistry or…
Autoencoders (AE) provide a useful method for nonlinear dimensionality reduction but are ill-suited for low data regimes. Conversely, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is data-efficient but is limited to linear dimensionality reduction,…
Purpose: To evaluate a proposed method to reconstruct CT numbers that accurately mimic conventional CT numbers from spectral CT data, as would have been produced by a conventional system without effects of beam hardening. Approach: We…
Quantitative estimation of contrast agent concentration is made possible by spectral CT and material decomposition. There are several approaches to modulate the sensitivity of the imaging system to obtain the different spectral channels…
Attenuation correction (AC) is necessary for accurate activity quantification in positron emission tomography (PET). Conventional reconstruction methods typically rely on attenuation maps derived from a co-registered computed tomography…
Iodinated contrast media is essential for dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) angiography. Previous studies show that iodinated contrast media may cause side effects, and the interruption of the supply chain in 2022 led to a severe…
In photon-limited imaging, the pixel intensities are affected by photon count noise. Many applications, such as 3-D reconstruction using correlation analysis in X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) single molecule imaging, require an accurate…
Hyperspectral optical imaging provides rich spectral information for estimating continuous environmental and material parameters; however, its high dimensionality and strong feature correlation pose significant challenges for machine…
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has been widely applied in both preclinical and clinical applications. With a significantly increasing number of data acquisition channels, fast and high-quality image reconstruction for real-time PA imaging is an…
Fast dose calculation is critical for online and real time adaptive therapy workflows. While modern physics-based dose algorithms must compromise accuracy to achieve low computation times, deep learning models can potentially perform dose…
Photon counting spectral CT (PCCT) can produce reconstructed attenuation maps in different energy channels, reflecting energy properties of the scanned object. Due to the limited photon numbers and the non-ideal detector response of each…
Purpose: Electron density is the most important tissue property influencing photon and ion dose distributions in radiotherapy patients. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) enables the determination of electron density by combining the…
In the scanning transmission electron microscope, both phase imaging of beam-sensitive materials and characterisation of a material's functional properties using in-situ experiments are becoming more widely available. As the practicable…
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging can improve the visibility of weakly absorbing objects (e.g. soft tissues) by an order of magnitude or more compared to conventional radiographs. Previously, it has been shown that combining phase retrieval with…
Diffusion Posterior Sampling (DPS) can be used in Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction by leveraging diffusion-based generative models for unconditional image synthesis while matching the observations (data) of a CT scan. Of particular…
Recent advances in computing such as the massively parallel GPUs (Graphical Processing Units),coupled with the need to store and deliver large quantities of digital data especially images, has brought a number of challenges for Computer…
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed human cancer in the United States at present. Early detection is crucial for its successful treatment. X-ray mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis are currently the main methods for…
Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) employs proton radiation rather than conventional X-rays to treat cancerous tumors. This approach offers significant advantages by minimizing the radiation exposure of surrounding healthy tissue,…