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The detection of a stochastic background of low-frequency gravitational waves by pulsar-timing and astrometric surveys will enable tests of gravitational theories beyond general relativity. These theories generally permit gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-26 Wenzer Qin , Kimberly K. Boddy , Marc Kamionkowski

We describe the signatures of a circularly polarized gravitational-wave background on the timing residuals obtained with pulsar-timing arrays. Most generally, the circular polarization will depend on the gravitational-wave direction, and we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-08 Enis Belgacem , Marc Kamionkowski

Angular anisotropy techniques for cosmic diffuse radiation maps are powerful probes, even for quite small data sets. A popular observable is the angular power spectrum; we present a detailed study applicable to any unbinned source skymap…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Sheldon S. Campbell

The cosmological power spectrum of the coherent matter flow is measured exploiting an improved prescription for the apparent anisotropic clustering pattern in redshift space. New statistical analysis is presented to provide an optimal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-22 Yong-Seon Song , Takahiro Nishimichi , Atsushi Taruya , Issha Kayo

Distances in cosmology are usually inferred from observed redshifts - an estimate that is dependent on the local peculiar motion - giving a distorted view of the three dimensional structure and affecting basic observables such as the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 J. Richard Shaw , Antony Lewis

Recent pulsar timing array (PTA) analyses show evidence for a gravitational wave background (GWB) with angular correlations consistent with the Hellings-Downs curve. Anisotropies are a key discriminator of the origin of this GWB, as they…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-01 Valerie Domcke , Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni

Gravitational waves provide a new probe of the Universe which can reveal a number of cosmological and astrophysical phenomena that cannot be observed by electromagnetic waves. Different frequencies of gravitational waves are detected by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-08 Jun'ichi Yokoyama

Gravitational waves (GWs) induce correlated perturbations to the arrival times of pulses from an array of galactic millisecond pulsars. The expected correlations, obtained by averaging over many pairs of pulsars having the same angular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-27 Deepali Agarwal , Joseph D. Romano

Direct detection of gravitational waves by pulsar timing arrays will become feasible over the next few years. In the low frequency regime ($10^{-7}$ Hz -- $10^{-9}$ Hz), we expect that a superposition of gravitational waves from many…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Justin Ellis , Xavier Siemens , Rutger van Haasteren

We explore the potential of Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) such as NANOGrav, EPTA, and PPTA to detect the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) in theories of massive gravity. In General Relativity, the function describing the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 Qiuyue Liang , Mark Trodden

We investigate the cross-correlation between astrometric and timing-residual observables for distant sources, such as pulsars and galaxies, and equivalent observables for nearby solar system bodies. Using the unified spin-weighted formalism…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-31 Elias Fink , Carlo Contaldi , Giorgio Mentasti

We develop an analytic approach to calculation of the temperature and polarisation power spectra of the cosmic microwave background due to inflationary gravitational waves. This approach complements the more precise numerical results by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jonathan R. Pritchard , Marc Kamionkowski

The angular power spectrum is a natural tool to analyse the observed galaxy number count fluctuations. In a standard analysis, the angular galaxy distribution is sliced into concentric redshift bins and all correlations of its harmonic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-14 Guglielmo Faggioli , Konstantinos Tanidis , Stefano Camera

Astrometry, the precise measurement of star motions, offers an alternative avenue to investigate low-frequency gravitational waves through the spatial deflection of photons, complementing pulsar timing arrays reliant on timing residuals.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-06 Mesut Çalışkan , Yifan Chen , Liang Dai , Neha Anil Kumar , Isak Stomberg , Xiao Xue

Pulsar-timing arrays (PTAs) are in the near future expected to detect a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) produced by a population of inspiralling super-massive black hole binaries. In this work, we consider a background that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Marc Kamionkowski

The recent detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background by pulsar timing arrays has opened a new window in understanding supermassive black hole binaries and in probing the universe at the early time. Recently, pulsar timing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-24 Fengting Xie , Zhi-Chao Zhao , Qing-Hua Zhu , Xin Li

We carry out the determination of the amplitude of relic gravitational waves power spectrum. Indirect best-fit technique was applied to compare observational data and theory predictions. As observations we have used data on large-scale…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Novosyadlyj , S. Apunevych

We aim to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding Galactic Faraday rotation in an all-sky map of the Galactic Faraday depth. For this we have assembled the most extensive catalog of Faraday rotation data of compact extragalactic…

We re-examine the effects of redshift space distortion in all-sky galaxy redshift surveys in the formalism of spherical harmonics. Within this framework we show how one can treat both the large-scale linear effects, and the small-scale…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 A. F. Heavens , A. N. Taylor

We propose a graphical representation of detector sensitivity curves for stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds that takes into account the increase in sensitivity that comes from integrating over frequency in addition to integrating…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Eric Thrane , Joseph D Romano