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The emergence of organized multiscale patterns resulting from convection is ubiquitous, observed throughout different cloud types. The reproduction of such patterns by general circulation models remains a challenge due to the complex nature…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-05-09 Mickael D. Chekroun , Tom Dror , Orit Altaratz , Ilan Koren

Giant impacts were common in the early evolution of the Solar System, and it is possible that Venus also experienced an impact. A giant impact on Venus could have affected its rotation rate and possibly its thermal evolution. In this work,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Mirco Bussmann , Christian Reinhardt , Cedric Gillmann , Thomas Meier , Joachim Stadel , Paul Tackley , Ravit Helled

The zonal flow in Jupiter's upper troposphere is organized into alternating retrograde and prograde jets, with a prograde (superrotating) jet at the equator. Existing models posit as the driver of the flow either differential radiative…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Tapio Schneider , Junjun Liu

Context: With the increasing knowledge of the terrestrial planets due to recent space probes it is possible to model their rotation with increasing accuracy. Despite that fact, an accurate determination of Venus precession and nutation is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-03-01 L. Cottereau , J. Souchay

The Hadley circulation (or Hadley cell) is traditionally described as a large-scale atmospheric circulation phenomenon driven by differential heating of the Earth surface: warm, moist air rises near the equator, diverges poleward in the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-01-01 Wei Huang

The variational method with constraints recently developed by Verkley and Gerkema to describe maximum-entropy atmospheric profiles is generalized to ideal gases but with temperature-dependent specific heats. In so doing, an extended and non…

Ocean worlds are prevalent in the solar system. Focusing on Enceladus, Titan, Europa, and Ganymede, I use rotating convection theory and numerical simulations to predict ocean currents and the potential for ice-ocean coupling. When the…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-07-24 Krista Soderlund

Atmospheric circulation patterns derived from multi-spectral remote sensing can serve as a guide for choosing a suitable entry site for a future in situ probe mission. Since the Voyager-2 flybys in the 1980s, three decades of observations…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-11 Leigh N. Fletcher , Imke de Pater , Glenn S. Orton , Mark D. Hofstadter , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Michael Roman , Daniel Toledo

We simulate Venus' evolution with a coupled one-dimensional solar-atmosphere-lithosphere-mantle-core model to predict currently unobservable features and its eruptive mass flux. We identified four distinct evolutionary pathways that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-20 Rodolfo Garcia , Rory Barnes , Peter E. Driscoll , Victoria S. Meadows , Megan Gialluca

Thermal atmospheric tides can torque telluric planets away from spin-orbit synchronous rotation, as observed in the case of Venus. They thus participate to determine the possible climates and general circulations of the atmospheres of these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Pierre Auclair-Desrotour , Stéphane Mathis , Jacques Laskar

The advent of high-resolution spectroscopy as a method for exoplanet atmospheric characterization has expanded our capability to study non-transiting planets, increasing the number of planets accessible for observation. Many of the most…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 Isaac Malsky , Emily Rauscher , Eliza M. R. Kempton , Michael Roman , Deryl Long , Caleb K. Harada

Long-standing unexplained Venus atmosphere observations and chemical anomalies point to unknown chemistry but also leave room for the possibility of life. The unexplained observations include several gases out of thermodynamic equilibrium…

Exploring diverse planetary atmospheres requires modeling tools that are both accurate and flexible. Here, we develop a three-dimensional general circulation model (3D GCM) that for the first time uses a line-by-line approach to describe…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-27 Feng Ding , Robin D. Wordsworth

Terrestrial exoplanets orbiting within or near their host stars' habitable zone are potentially apt for life. It has been proposed that time-series measurements of reflected starlight from such planets will reveal their rotational period,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-25 Y. J. Lee , A. García Muñoz , T. Imamura , M. Yamada , T. Satoh , A. Yamazaki , S. Watanabe

Cloud is critical for planetary climate and habitability, but it is also one of the most challenging parts of studying planets in and beyond the solar system. Here we use a cloud-resolving model (CRM) with high resolution (2 km) in a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-17 Qiyu Song , Jun Yang , Hang Luo , Cheng Li , Shizuo Fu

Clouds' efficiency at reflecting solar radiation and trapping the terrestrial one is strongly modulated by their diurnal cycle. Much attention has been paid to mean cloud properties due to their critical role in climate projections;…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2018-03-06 Jun Yin , Amilcare Porporato

We survey the basic principles of atmospheric dynamics relevant to explaining existing and future observations of exoplanets, both gas giant and terrestrial. Given the paucity of data on exoplanet atmospheres, our approach is to emphasize…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-18 Adam P. Showman , James Y-K. Cho , Kristen Menou

Using an idealised general circulation model, we investigate the atmospheric circulation of Earth-like terrestrial planets in a variety of orbital configurations. We relax the common assumption of the planet being tidally-locked, and look…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 James Penn , Geoffrey K Vallis

Sub-Neptunes (planets with radii between 2 and 4 R$_{\oplus}$) are abundant around M-dwarf stars, yet the atmospheric dynamics of these planets is relatively unexplored. In this paper, we aim to provide a basic underpinning of the dry…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-04 Hamish Innes , Raymond T. Pierrehumbert

Observations of the flow on Jupiter exists essentially only for the cloud-level, which is dominated by strong east-west jet-streams. These have been suggested to result from dynamics in a superficial thin weather-layer, or alternatively be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 Eli Galanti , Yohai Kaspi