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The extremely precise extraction of the proton radius by Pohl et al. from the measured energy difference between the 2P and 2S states of muonic hydrogen disagrees significantly with that extracted from electronic hydrogen or elastic…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2013-06-03 Randolf Pohl , Ronald Gilman , Gerald A. Miller , Krzysztof Pachucki

A slight anomaly in optical spectra of the hydrogen atom led Willis E. Lamb to the search for the proton size. As a result, he found the shift of the 2S1/2 level, the first experimental demonstration of quantum electrodynamics. In return, a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-04-01 Istvan Angeli

Recently a high-precision measurement of the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen has been performed. An accurate value of the proton charge radius can be extracted from this datum with a high accuracy. To do that a sufficient accuracy should be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-04 Savely G. Karshenboim

The question of the determination of the proton charge radius $R_p$ from electron scattering data led to an unprecedented experimental effort for measurements of the electric form factor of the proton at low and very low momentum transfer…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-09-04 M. Hoballah , S. Cholak , R. Kunne , C. Le Galliard , D. Marchand , G. Quéméner , E. Voutier , J. van de Wiele

The proton radius puzzle remains a key challenge in modern physics, highlighting both the precision and limitations of current experimental and theoretical approaches. Recent studies, such as those by Xiong et al. and Bezginov et al., have…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-01-22 Roland B. Lumpay , Jade C. Jusoy , Ruel Apas , Eulogio Auxtero

Extracting the proton charge radius from electron scattering data requires determining the slope of the charge form factor at $Q^2$ of zero. But as experimental data never reach that limit, numerous methods for making the extraction have…

Several recent publications claim that the proton charge {\em rms}-radius resulting from the analysis of electron scattering data restricted to {\em low} momentum transfer agrees with the radius determined from muonic hydrogen, in contrast…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-02-01 Ingo Sick , Dirk Trautmann

The elastic electron-proton scattering data are analysed in order to determine proton charge and magnetic rms radii, r_E and r_M. Along with the usual statistical error, we try to estimate a systematic error in the radii, caused by the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-20 Dmitry Borisyuk

A puzzling discrepancy exists between the values of the proton charge radius obtained using different experimental techniques: elastic electron-proton scattering and spectroscopy of electronic and muonic hydrogen. The proton radius is…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-03-07 Alexander V. Gramolin , Rebecca L. Russell

The work is devoted to a consideration of the different determinations of the proton charge radius. It is demonstrated that the results from the elastic electron-proton scattering have to be of a higher uncertainty. A review of the hydrogen…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-30 Savely G. Karshenboim

The charge radius of the proton is typically determined from electron-proton scattering by extracting the proton's electric form factor and then making use of the derivative of that form factor at zero four-momentum transfer. Unfortunately,…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-02-16 Benjamin Boone , Michael Chen , Kevin Sturm , Justin Yoo , Douglas Higinbotham

The proton-radius puzzle refers to the discrepancy observed in measurements of the proton's charge radius when using different methods. This inconsistency has prompted extensive research and debate within the physics community, as it…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-01 The MMGPDs Collaboration , Muhammad Goharipour , Fatemeh Irani , Hadi Hashamipour , K. Azizi

It is suggested that proton elastic scattering on atomic electrons allows a precise measurement of the proton charge radius. Very small values of transferred momenta (up to four order of magnitude smaller than the ones presently available)…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 G. I. Gakh , A. Dbeyssi , E. Tomasi-Gustafsson , D. Marchand , V. V. Bytev

We present an analysis of the proton mass radius by studying the $t$-dependence of the differential cross sections of the vector meson photoproductions near the thresholds. At low energy, the photoproduction of a quarkonium off the proton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-05-19 Rong Wang , Wei Kou , Ya-Ping Xie , Xurong Chen

The Proton Radius Puzzle is the inconsistency between the proton radius determined from muonic hydrogen and the proton radius determined from atomic hydrogen level transitions and ep elastic scattering. No generally accepted resolution to…

The Proton Radius Puzzle refers to the ~7{\sigma} discrepancy that exists between the proton charge radius determined from muonic hydrogen and that determined from electronic hydrogen spectroscopy and electron-proton scattering. One…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-10-29 E. Kraus , K. E. Mesick , A. White , R. Gilman , S. Strauch

We combine constraints from analyticity with experimental electron-proton scattering data to determine the proton magnetic radius without model-dependent assumptions on the shape of the form factor. We also study the impact of including…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-10-29 Zachary Epstein , Gil Paz , Joydeep Roy

We extract the proton charge radius from the elastic form factor (FF) data using a novel theoretical framework combining chiral effective field theory and dispersion analysis. Complex analyticity in the momentum transfer correlates the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-09 J. M. Alarcón , D. W. Higinbotham , C. Weiss , Z. Ye

We perform a new analysis of electron-proton scattering data to determine the proton electric and magnetic radii, enforcing model-independent constraints from form factor analyticity. A wide-ranging study of possible systematic effects is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-07-29 Gabriel Lee , John R. Arrington , Richard J. Hill

It is shown that meson radii can be extracted from diffractive scattering experiments of the type: $m+p\to m + X$, where p stands for the target proton, and m for the incident charged meson $\pi^+$, $\pi^-$, $K^+$, or $K^-$. The basis of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Meng Ta-chung , R. Rittel , K. Tabelow , Zhang Yang