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In this paper, we proposed an experimental implementation of quantum random number generator(QRNG) with inherent randomness of quantum tunneling effect of electrons. We exploited InGaAs/InP diodes, whose valance band and conduction band…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-29 Haihan Zhou , Junlin Li , Dong Pan , Weixing Zhang , Guilu Long

The speed of a quantum random number generator is essential for practical applications, such as high-speed quantum key distribution systems. Here, we push the speed of a quantum random number generator to 68 Gbps by operating a laser around…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 You-Qi Nie , Leilei Huang , Yang Liu , Frank Payne , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Quantum mechanics offers a fundamentally unpredictable entropy source due to the intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum measurements, making it attractive for secure random number generation. This paper explores the practicality of…

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) harness the inherent unpredictability of quantum mechanics to produce true randomness. Yet, in many optical implementations, the light source remains a potential vulnerability - susceptible to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 KaiWei Qiu , Yu Cai , Nelly H. Y. Ng , Jing Yan Haw

White Gaussian noise (WGN) is widely used in communication system testing, physical modeling, Monte Carlo simulations, and electronic countermeasures. WGN generation relies heavily on random numbers. In this work, we present an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-07 Guan-Ru Qiao , Bing Bai , Zi-Xuan Weng , Jia-Ying Wu , You-Qi Nie , Jun Zhang

We present the realization of a physical quantum random number generator based on the process of splitting a beam of photons on a beam splitter, a quantum mechanical source of true randomness. By utilizing either a beam splitter or a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Thomas Jennewein , Ulrich Achleitner , Gregor Weihs , Harald Weinfurter , Anton Zeilinger

A quantum random number generator (QRNG) as a genuine source of randomness is essential in many applications, such as number simulation and cryptography. Recently, a source-independent quantum random number generator (SI-QRNG), which can…

Harnessing quantum processes is an efficient method to generate truly indeterministic random numbers, which are of fundamental importance for cryptographic protocols, security applications or Monte-Carlo simulations. Recently, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 Johannes Thewes , Carolin Lüders , Marc Aßmann

Scalability and foundry compatibility (as for example in conventional silicon based integrated computer processors) in developing quantum technologies are exceptional challenges facing current research. Here we introduce a quantum photonic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-07-20 T-H. Chung , G. Juska , S. T. Moroni , A. Pescaglini , A. Gocalinska , E. Pelucchi

Quantum random number generators (QRNG) represent an advanced solution for randomness generation, essential in every cryptographic applications. In this context, integrated arrays of single photon detectors have promising applications as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-24 Davide G. Marangon , Giuseppe Vallone , Ugo Zanforlin , Paolo Villoresi

In the era of digitization secure transmission of digital images has become essential in real world applications. Image encryption is an effective technique for protecting image data from unauthorized access. The security of encrypted data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Subhadip Rana , Sanku Paul , Mrinal Kanti Mandal

Quantum random number generation is a key ingredient for quantum cryptography and fundamental quantum optics and could advance Monte-Carlo simulations and machine learning. An established generation scheme is based on single photons…

Our ability to trust that a random number is truly random is essential for fields as diverse as cryptography and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. Existing solutions both come with drawbacks -- device-independent quantum random number…

Information-theoretically provable unique true random numbers, which cannot be correlated or controlled by an attacker, can be generated based on quantum measurement of vacuum state and universal-hashing randomness extraction. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-14 Xiaomin Guo , Ripeng Liu , Pu Li , Chen Cheng , Mingchuan Wu , Yanqiang Guo

We reverse-engineer, test and analyse hardware and firmware of the commercial quantum-optical random number generator Quantis from ID Quantique. We show that > 99% of its output data originates in physically random processes: random timing…

Continuous-variable quantum cryptographic systems, including random number generation and key distribution, are often based on coherent detection. The essence of the security analysis lies in the randomness quantification. Previous analyses…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-24 Hongyi Zhou , Pei Zeng , Mohsen Razavi , Xiongfeng Ma

We report an experimental realisation of a quantum random number generator using a plasmonic beamsplitter. Free-space single photons are converted into propagating single surface plasmon polaritons on a gold stripe waveguide via a grating.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-07 Jason Francis , Xia Zhang , Şahin K. Özdemir , Mark Tame

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) can significantly improve the security of cryptographic protocols, by ensuring that generated keys cannot be predicted. However, the cost, size, and power requirements of current QRNGs has prevented…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-03 Bruno Sanguinetti , Anthony Martin , Hugo Zbinden , Nicolas Gisin

Random numbers are essential for applications ranging from secure communications to numerical simulation and quantitative finance. Algorithms can rapidly produce pseudo-random outcomes, series of numbers that mimic most properties of true…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-18 M. Jofre , M. Curty , F. Steinlechner , G. Anzolin , J. P. Torres , M. W. Mitchell , V. Pruneri

This paper investigates the integration of quantum randomness into Verifiable Random Functions (VRFs) using the Ed25519 elliptic curve to strengthen cryptographic security. By replacing traditional pseudorandom number generators with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Buniechukwu Njoku , Sonai Biswas , Milad Ghadimi , Mohammad Shojafar , Gabriele Gradoni , Riccardo Bassoli , Frank H. P. Fitzek
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