Independent quality assessment of a commercial quantum random number generator
Abstract
We reverse-engineer, test and analyse hardware and firmware of the commercial quantum-optical random number generator Quantis from ID Quantique. We show that > 99% of its output data originates in physically random processes: random timing of photon absorption in a semiconductor material, and random growth of avalanche owing to impact ionisation. Under a strong assumption that these processes correspond to a measurement of an initially pure state of the components, our analysis implies the unpredictability of the generated randomness. We have also found minor non-random contributions from imperfections in detector electronics and an internal processing algorithm, specific to this particular device. Our work shows that the design quality of a commercial quantum-optical randomness source can be verified without cooperation of the manufacturer and without access to the engineering documentation.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2004.04996,
title = {Independent quality assessment of a commercial quantum random number generator},
author = {Mikhail Petrov and Igor Radchenko and Damian Steiger and Renato Renner and Matthias Troyer and Vadim Makarov},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.04996},
year = {2022}
}
Comments
Title changed. Various minor corrections, including: comments and clarifications about the source of entropy, clarification of the assumptions made, technical correction of bibliographic references. 9 pages, 11 figures, 1 table