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Convection in the metallic cores of terrestrial planets is likely to be subjected to lateral variations in heat flux through the outer boundary imposed by creeping flow in the overlying silicate mantles. Boundary anomalies can significantly…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-09-01 Jon E. Mound , Christopher J. Davies

Direct Numerical Simulations of turbulent convection in a large aspect-ratio box are carried out in the range of Rayleigh number $7 \times 10^4 \le Ra \le 2 \times 10^6$ at Prandtl number Pr=0.71. A strong correlation between the vertical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-08-09 Arnab K. De , Vinayak Eswaran , Pankaj K. Mishra

We consider stability of steady convective flows in a horizontal layer with stress-free boundaries, heated below and rotating about the vertical axis, in the Boussinesq approximation (the Rayleigh-Benard convection). The flows under…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-26 O. M. Podvigina

Previous numerical studies on homogeneous Rayleigh-B\'enard convection, which is Rayleigh-B\'enard convection (RBC) without walls, and therefore without boundary layers, have revealed a scaling regime that is consistent with theoretical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-06-22 Chong Shen Ng , Andrew Ooi , Detlef Lohse , Daniel Chung

Direct numerical simulations are conducted for double diffusive convection (DDC) bounded by two parallel plates, with fluid properties similar to the values of seawater. The DDC flow is driven by an unstable salinity difference and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-08-24 Yantao Yang , Roberto Verzicco , Detlef Lohse

The dynamics of heat transfer in a model system of Rayleigh-B\'enard (RB) convection reduced to its essential, here dubbed Burgers-Rayleigh-B\'enard (BRB), is studied. The system is spatially one-dimensional, the flow field is compressible…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-07-04 Enrico Calzavarini , Silvia C. Hirata

Significant progress has been made in understanding planetary core dynamics using numerical models of rotating convection (RC) in spherical shell geometry. However, the behaviour of forces in these models within various dynamic regimes of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-10-07 S. Naskar , C. J. Davies , J. E. Mound , A. T. Clarke

Vertical convection is investigated using direct numerical simulations over a wide range of Rayleigh numbers $10^7\le Ra\le10^{14}$ with fixed Prandtl number $Pr=10$, in a two-dimensional convection cell with unit aspect ratio. It is found…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-05 Qi Wang , Hao-Ran Liu , Roberto Verzicco , Olga Shishkina , Detlef Lohse

In planetary fluid cores, the density depends on temperature and chemical composition, which diffuse at very different rates. This leads to various instabilities, bearing the name of double-diffusive convection. We investigate rotating…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-09-04 Rémy Monville , Jérémie Vidal , David Cébron , Nathanaël Schaeffer

We propose a phenomenological model for thermal convection at high Rayleigh numbers. It hypothesizes existence of a high-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layer near each horizontal plate, which is shown to be convective. The convective…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-03-27 Chenning Tong

We perform direct numerical simulations of wall sheared Rayleigh-B\'enard (RB) convection for Rayleigh numbers up to $Ra=10^8$, Prandtl number unity, and wall shear Reynolds numbers up to $Re_w=10000$. Using the Monin-Obukhov length…

We provide scaling relations for the Nusselt number $Nu$ and the friction coefficient $C_{S}$ in sheared Rayleigh-B\'enard convection, i.e., in Rayleigh-B\'enard flow with Couette or Poiseuille type shear forcing, by extending the Grossmann…

This paper experimentally investigates the convection in a fast rotating Tangent Cylinder (TC), for Ekman numbers down to $E=3.36\times10^{-6}$, in a configuration relevant to the liquid core of the Earth. In the apparatus, the TC results…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-05-09 Kélig Aujogue , Alban Pothérat , Binod Sreenivasan , François Debray

Rayleigh--B\'enard (RB) convection, the flow in a fluid layer heated from below and cooled from above, is used to analyze the transition to the geostrophic regime of thermal convection. In the geostrophic regime, which is of direct…

Steady two-dimensional Rayleigh--B\'enard convection between stress-free isothermal boundaries is studied via numerical computations. We explore properties of steady convective rolls with aspect ratios $\pi/5\le\Gamma\le4\pi$, where…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-06-30 Baole Wen , David Goluskin , Matthew LeDuc , Gregory P. Chini , Charles R. Doering

We report an experimental investigation of turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection in a rectangular cell of large aspect ratio ($\Gamma = 10$) over the Rayleigh number range $5.4\times10^7 \le Ra \le 7.2\times10^9$ and Prandtl number range…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-23 Yi-Zhen Li , Jun-Jie Huo , Xin Chen , Heng-Dong Xi

So far, numerical studies of double-diffusive layering in turbulent convective flows have neglected the effects of rotation. We undertake a first step into that direction by investigating how Coriolis forces affect a double-diffusive layer…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-04-25 Patrick Blies , Friedrich Kupka , Florian Zaussinger , Rainer Hollerbach

Flows at planetary scales are generally driven by buoyancy and influenced by rotation. Rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard convection (RRBC) is a practical and simple model that can be used to describe these systems. In RRBC, thermally induced…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-01 Hannah M. Clercx , Rudie P. J. Kunnen

The amount and spatial pattern of heat extracted from cores of terrestrial planets is ultimately controlled by the thermal structure of the lower rocky mantle. Using the most common model to tackle this problem, a rapidly rotating and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-26 Wieland Dietrich , Kumiko Hori , Johannes Wicht

In thermal convection, roughness is often used as a means to enhance heat transport, expressed in Nusselt number. Yet there is no consensus on whether the Nusselt vs. Rayleigh number scaling exponent ($\mathrm{Nu} \sim \mathrm{Ra}^\beta$)…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-10-18 Xiaojue Zhu , Richard J. A. M. Stevens , Roberto Verzicco , Detlef Lohse