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Rayleigh-Benard convection in a rotating spherical shell provides a simplified model for convective dynamics of planetary and stellar interiors. In this study, we build more than 200 numerical models of rotating convection in a spherical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-08-14 Wei Fan , Qi Wang , Yufeng Lin

We analyse the results of direct numerical simulations of rotating convection in spherical shell geometries with stress-free boundary conditions, which develop strong zonal flows. Both the Ekman number and the Rayleigh number are varied. We…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-11 Justin A. Nicoski , Anne R. O'Connor , Michael A. Calkins

We report flow measurements in rotating Rayleigh--B\'enard convection in the rotationally-constrained geostrophic regime. We apply stereoscopic particle image velocimetry to measure the three components of velocity in a horizontal…

Rotating Rayleigh--B\'enard convection is an oft-employed model system to evaluate the interplay of buoyant forcing and Coriolis forces due to rotation, an eminently relevant interaction of dynamical effects found in many geophysical and…

Rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard convection is investigated numerically with the use of an asymptotic model that captures the rapidly rotating, small Ekman number limit, $Ek \rightarrow 0$. The Prandtl number ($Pr$) and the asymptotically scaled…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-03-04 S. Maffei , M. J. Krouss , K. Julien , M. A. Calkins

We use 123 three dimensional direct numerical simulations to study fingering convection in non-rotating spherical shells. We investigate the scaling behaviour of the flow lengthscale, the non-dimensional heat and compositional fluxes $Nu$…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-04-26 T. Tassin , T. Gastine , A. Fournier

The geostrophic turbulence in rapidly rotating thermal convection exhibits characteristics shared by many highly turbulent geophysical and astrophysical flows. In this regime, the convective length and velocity scales, heat flux, and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-05-01 Jiaxing Song , Olga Shishkina , Xiaojue Zhu

Patterns of convection in internally heated, self-gravitating rotating spherical fluid shells are investigated through numerical simulations. While turbulent states are of primary interest in planetary and stellar applications the present…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-06-09 R. D. Simitev , F. H. Busse

In this manuscript, it is analysed the onset and evolution of natural convection of an incompressible fluid between spherical shells. The shells are kept at a fixed temperature difference and aspect ratio, and the Rayleigh-Benard convection…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-09-07 Luca Santelli , Guiquan Wang , Richard J. A. M. Stevens , Roberto Verzicco

We simulate numerically Boussinesq convection in non-rotating spherical shells for a fluid with a unity Prandtl number and Rayleigh numbers up to $10^9$. In this geometry, curvature and radial variations of the gravitationnal acceleration…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-10-28 T. Gastine , J. Wicht , J. M. Aurnou

A numerical investigation of an asymptotically reduced model for quasi-geostrophic Rayleigh-B\'enard convection is conducted in which the depth-averaged flows are numerically suppressed by modifying the governing equations. The Reynolds…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-23 Tobias G. Oliver , Adrienne S. Jacobi , Keith Julien , Michael A. Calkins

Turbulence is an out-of-equilibrium flow state that is characterised by nonzero net fluxes of kinetic energy between different scales of the flow. These fluxes play a crucial role in the formation of characteristic flow structures in many…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-04 Youri H. Lemm , Xander M. de Wit , Rudie P. J. Kunnen

The central open question about Rayleigh--B\'enard convection -- buoyancy-driven flow in a fluid layer heated from below and cooled from above -- is how vertical heat flux depends on the imposed temperature gradient in the strongly…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-01-10 Baole Wen , David Goluskin , Charles R. Doering

Direct numerical simulations are employed to reveal three distinctly different flow regions in rotating spherical Rayleigh-B\'enard convection. In the low-latitude region $\mathrm{I}$ vertical (parallel to the axis of rotation) convective…

Rapidly rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard convection is studied by combining results from direct numerical simulations (DNS), laboratory experiments and asymptotic modeling. The asymptotic theory is shown to provide a good description of the bulk…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-23 S. Stellmach , M. Lischper , K. Julien , G. Vasil , J. S. Cheng , A. Ribeiro , E. M. King , J. M. Aurnou

Numerical simulations of rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard convection are presented for both no slip and free slip boundaries. The goal is to find a criterion distinguishing convective flows dominated by the Coriolis force from those nearly…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-19 S. Schmitz , A. Tilgner

The dependence of the heat transfer, as measured by the nondimensional Nusselt number $Nu$, on Ekman pumping for rapidly rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard convection in an infinite plane layer is examined for fluids with Prandtl number $Pr = 1$. A…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-09-13 Meredith Plumley , Keith Julien , Philippe Marti , Stephan Stellmach

Dynamos driven by rotating convection in the plane layer geometry are investigated numerically for a range of Ekman number ($E$), magnetic Prandtl number ($Pm$) and Rayleigh number ($Ra$). The primary purpose of the investigation is to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-11-23 Ming Yan , Michael A. Calkins

Convection occurs ubiquitously on and in rotating geophysical and astrophysical bodies. Prior spherical shell studies have shown that the convection dynamics in polar regions can differ significantly from the lower latitude, equatorial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-01-18 T. Gastine , J. M. Aurnou

We study turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection through direct numerical simulations in a three-dimensional plane layer of aspect ratio 4 for Rayleigh numbers $10^5 \leq Ra \leq 10^{11}$ and Prandtl number $Pr=0.7$. We summarize the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-30 Roshan J. Samuel , Jörg Schumacher
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